springer springer okt 2002 (505 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The Internet is the ultimate amalgamation of the Information Age and the C- munication Age. It is a technology that took 40 years to become an overnight sensation, moving from the province of computer geeks to household utility in short order, once it was discovered. We have gone from thinking a URL was a form of alien presence to viewing it as a natural footnote to bus advertising. Like the Internet itself, interest in computing, both local and distant, has grown exponentially. Now grandmothers send e-mails to their stockbrokers, meals are planned and the groceries purchased across the Web, and music videos can be previewed or concert tickets purchased-all with the help of the Internet. When our children come home from school, they are as likely to sign on to the Int- net as they are to turn on the television. The Internet is a universal commodity, for those with access.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - My first contact with 'the other' Jerome Siegel came in 1973, when I moved to Los Angeles to do postdoctoral work at UCLA. My thesis work had been listed in a nationally available posting without any address. The Brain Inf- mation Service, thinking they knew where I was, listed 'the other' Jerome Siegel's Delaware address for reprint requests. I soon received a letter from Jerry along with the requests he had received and we have remained in c- tact ever since. I am occasionally reminded of my namesake when I meet a new colleague who is impressed that someone 'so young' published a paper in Science in 1965 (one year out of high school, if it had been me). I entered the field in the early 1970s just as he left. My interests in REM sleep and brainstem mechanisms have been eerily similar to his (and he also did po- doctoral work at UCLA), so our research contributions can be distinguished easily only by my use of my middle initial (which has occasionally been om- ted from my publications). So, my namesake and I both have an interest in seeing to it that no one 'brings shame to the name. ' The current work certainly fulfills that dictum. This is a very unusual book, both in its scope and in its approach to the - terial.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book challenges the conclusions that link entrepreneurship to lower employee compensation. This challenge is based on more recent theories of entrepreneurship, which view the role of small firms as existing in a dynamic context rather than a static framework. The evolutionary theory of entrepreneurship views the startup as an endogenous response to economic knowledge and suggests that new firms are a diverse manifestation of the search process. Evolutionary theory has been strikingly silent about how employee compensation might differ in an evolutionary framework compared to a static one. This is important because employee compensation is a key measure of economic performance, complementing other measures such as growth and survival. This book argues that the link between entrepreneurship and wages is different in an evolutionary context than in the traditional static analysis, suggesting that, particularly in knowledge-based industries, firms will pay relatively lower levels of employee compensation subsequent to startup. If the firm learns that it is viable, and survives and grows, levels of employee compensation will rapidly rise.This research provides compelling empirical evidence suggesting that the relationship between firm age and employee compensation is very different in an evolutionary context than in a static analysis. While this study confirms that new and small enterprises compensate employees at lower levels than do their larger counterparts subsequent to startup, over time, the levels of employee compensation not only increase, but also at a higher rate than in larger enterprises. While the traditional static analysis leads to the policy prescription that new firms and the low wages associated with them represent a drag on economic welfare, the evolutionary view suggests that, in the knowledge economy, they are an essential component of the search for steep trajectories, both in terms of growth and wages.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - 1 Introduction.- 2 Classical algorithms in the optimization of optical systems.- 3 Genetic algorithms.- 4 Evolution strategies.- 5 Comparison of optimization algorithms.- 6 Ray trace.- 7 Aberrations.- 8 Damped least squares optimization implementation.- 9 Adaptive steady-state genetic algorithm implementation.- 10 Two membered evolution strategy ES EVOL implementation.- 11 Multimembered evolution strategies ES GRUP and ES REKO implementation.- 12 Multimembered evolution strategy ES KORR implementation.- 13 The Cooke triplet optimizations.- 14 The Petzval objective optimizations.- 15 The Double Gauss objective optimizations.- 16 Summary and outlook.- Appendix A Description of ADOS - the program for automatic design of optical systems.- Online bibliography.- References.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The 2002 IFIP Workshop on Internet Technologies, Applications, and Societal Impact (WITASI 2002), held in Wroclaw, Poland, October 10-11, 2002, presents different research aspects of the Internet, both technical and societal. The workshop aims at getting together scientists and practitioners from different research areas to work together on Internet development and reflect on Internet consequences to the economy and society. The papers presented in these proceedings describe state-of-the-art research in such areas of Internet applications as languages, mobility, multimedia, quality of service, voice over IP, and wireless access. A total of 40 papers were submitted to WITASI 2002 out of which 18 papers were selected for presentation at the workshop and inclusion in the proceedings. The workshop also includes 4 invited papers. WIT ASI 2002 was sponsored by IFIP -the International Federation for Information Processing. It was organized by Working Group WG 6.4 on Internet Applications Engineering of the Technical Committee TC 6 on Communication Systems. Locally, WITASI 2002 was organized by the Institute of Control and Systems Engineering, Wroclaw University of Technology.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Service and network providers must be able to satisfy the demands for new services; improve the quality of service; reduce the cost of network service operations and maintenance; control performance; and adapt to user demands. It is essential to investigate different approaches for performing such tasks. One of these approaches is based on policies and the capability of the network to adapt itself to current conditions. With a focus on policy-based networking, this volume addresses the problem of network control and the introduction of policies such as the control of the Quality of Service, security, mobility, performance, mobile and intelligent agents, and traffic engineering. The area of control in networks through policies promises to provide stimulating challenges for years to come. This book is an attempt to answer questions and provide some direction about the best approaches to be followed. This volume contains the proceedings of the first International Conference on NETwork CONtrol and Engineering (NETCON) for Quality of Service, Security and Mobility, which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), and organized by IFIP TC6 Working Group 6.7 (Smart Networks). The conference convened in Paris, France in October 2002.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - An important challenge for our world is to understand how cultural understanding and geographical education can be linked and used to improve the global society. We readily accept that our world is constituted by numerous groups of people who are organised by committees, tribes, regions, nations or continental entities. How these groups interact, show concern for each others' well-being and progress is still an unpredictable activity. Intercultural tensions, racial conflicts and religious clashes have all led to the challenges for enacting a constructive world. Fundamental perspectives challenge moderate ones, and the resulting tensions produce elements of fear, doubt and distrust. The extremist views of terrorist groups exaggerate these tensions to the extent that some different cultural groups do not prefer to live in peace with their neighbours. Deep-seated intercultural tensions predominate over peaceful co-existence. Such challenges may easily dominate the interaction between racial groups, tribes, indigenous peoples and colonisers. However, we know that through the sound practice of intercultural understanding, cultural groups in different contexts around the world can interact and co-exist successfully and productively. In fact, they can work together to seek to improve their society. This does not mean that one group will dominate the other. Rather, it means that both groups work together to improve their collective lives. Education has played an important role in the long-term achievement of such harmony. This volume has been developed to demonstrate that geographical education can be a potent force in the development of cultural understanding in different societies.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in men, and in women, it has surpassed even breast cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2001, there will be about 169,500 new cases of lung cancer in the United States: 90,700 among men and 78,800 among women. Lung Cancer is the second installment in the M. D. Anderson Cancer Care Series, featuring the current standard approach to lung cancer care from the experts at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Designed for the practicing oncologist, this clinical guidebook allows for quick, authoritative access to the latest and best multimodality therapies. Topics covered in this volume include the clinical examination of patients with suspected lung cancer, thoracic imaging techniques for non-small cell and small cell lung cancer, pathology of lung cancer, treatment and management of non-small and small-cell lung cancer, including the role of guidelines and clinical pathways, molecular events in lung cancer and implications for prevention and therapy, palliation, and much more. Each of the 15 chapters ends with an up-to-date list of suggested readings, as well as 'key practice points' highlighting the most important principles and practices of each chapter for at-a-glance reference. Over 50 illustrations and 40 tables round out the text. This thorough, practical volume is the essential clinical guide for oncologists, surgeons, and all physicians involved in the care of patients with lung cancer.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The meteoric rate at which the human genome is being sequenced has presented to the research community a vast array of newly discovered genes, which in tum has catalyzed an even more dramatic effort to decipher this voluminous data set into understanding how genes function both individually and in complex pathways that regulate the biochemistry of life. A compendium of gene expression data, enhanced by complete proteomic analysis, will enable investigators to probe into the complexities of the mechanisms of normal genetic and metabolic pathways and, subsequently, how disease occurs when they malfunction. The new science of toxicogenomics combines genomic, proteomic, and informatics technologies, and biological research can now foresee a time when there will be a full comprehension of the complex dynamic mechanisms of genetics, biochemistry, and physiology. The inherent power of toxicogenomics derives from an amalgamation of multiple scientific disciplines that were originally drawn together to facilitate sequencing the three billion bases that comprise the human genome. Traditionally, the science of toxicology has been founded upon empirical codification of dose-related effects. It has evolved to studies that are directed towards understanding the mechanisms by which individual agents cause their effects in humans. Due to technical limitations, this process has been relatively slow, since it has accomplished one chemical or one effect at a time.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Mobile and Wireless Communications presents the latest developments in mobile and wireless research and the industry, with a broad range of topics including: -Ad-hoc networking; -Power control; -Personal communications; -Satellite; -QoS; -UMTS and wireless LANs; -Handoffs, security and mobility; -CDMA and physical layer including modulation and coding; -Methods of communication functions including multiple access, error control, flow control and routing. This state-of-the-art volume comprises the edited proceedings of the Working Conference on Personal Wireless Communications (PWC'2002), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), organized by IFIP Working Group 6.8, and held in Singapore in October 2002.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Fuzzy geometric programming was originated by the author in the Proceed ing of the second IFSA conferences, 1987(Tokyo) 14 years ago. Later, the paper was invited for formal publication in the International Journal of Fuzzy Sets and Systems. From then on, more and more papers have been written by scholars all over the world who have been interested in its research. So this programming method has been acknowledged by experts and has gradually formed a new branch of fuzzy mathematics. lnspired by Zadeh's fuzzy sets theory, fuzzy geometric programming emerges from the combination of fuzzy sets theory with geometric programming, where models are built in the fuzzy posynomial and the reverse geometric program ming. The present book is intended to discuss fuzziness of objective function and constraint conditions, a variety of fuzzy numbers in coefficients and vari ables and problems about multi-objective fuzzy geometric programming. It establishes and rounds out an entire theory system, showing that there exist conditions of fuzzy optimal or most satisfactory solutions in fuzzy geometric ptogramming, and it develops some effective algorithms. In order to introduce this new branch, the book aims at the exposition of three points: encompassing ideas and conception, theory and methods, and diffusion and application. lt lays more emphasis on the second point than the first one, and less on the third. Besides, it introduces some knowledge of classical geometric programming and of fuzzy sets theory and application examples of fuzzy geometric programming in electric power systems as weil.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Biology undergraduates, medical students and life-science graduate students often have limited mathematical skills. Similarly, physics, math and engineering students have little patience for the detailed facts that make up much of biological knowledge. Teaching computational neuroscience as an integrated discipline requires that both groups be brought forward onto common ground. This book does this by making ancillary material available in an appendix and providing basic explanations without becoming bogged down in unnecessary details. The book will be suitable for undergraduates and beginning graduate students taking a computational neuroscience course and also to anyone with an interest in the uses of the computer in modeling the nervous system.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book explores a great number of concepts, methods, technologies, and tools-in one word resources-that apply to various domains of typesetting. These resources have been developed and are used by the members of a very special community of people, which is also a community of very special people: the T^X community. To understand the motivation that led these special people to develop and use these resources, I believe it is necessary to make a short flashback. Since it is true that the past (uniquely ) determines the present and the future, I decided to divide this foreword into three parts: The Past, The Present, and The Future. At this point, I am asking the readers to excuse my tendency of sometimes becoming autobiographic. This is very hard to avoid when talking about people and events important to one's life, and, after all, avoiding it could mean betraying the subject I would like to talk about.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This series is directed to healthcare professionals who are leading the tra- formation of health care by using information and knowledge. Launched in 1988 as Computers in Health Care, the series offers a broad range of titles: some addressed to specific professions such as nursing, medicine, and health administration; others to special areas of practice such as trauma and radi- ogy. Still other books in the series focus on interdisciplinary issues, such as the computer-based patient record, electronic health records, and networked healthcare systems. Renamed Health Informatics in 1998 to reflect the rapid evolution in the discipline now known as health informatics, the series will continue to add titles that contribute to the evolution of the field. In the series, eminent - perts, serving as editors or authors, offer their accounts of innovations in health informatics. Increasingly, these accounts go beyond hardware and so- ware to address the role of information in influencing the transformation of healthcare delivery systems around the world. The series also increasingly focuses on 'peopleware' and the organizational, behavioral, and societal changes that accompany the diffusion of information technology in health services environments.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Kawalec's monograph is a novel defence of the programme of inductive logic, developed initially by Rudolf Carnap in the 1950s and Jaakko Hintikka in the 1960s. It revives inductive logic by bringing out the underlying epistemology. The main strength of the work is its link between inductive logic and contemporary discussions of epistemology. Through this perspective the author succeeds to shed new light on the significance of inductive logic. The resulting structural reliabilist theory propounds the view that justification supervenes on syntactic and semantic properties of sentences as justification-bearers. The claim is made that this sets up a genuine alternative to the prevailing theories of justification. Kawalec substantiates this claim by confronting structural reliabilism with a number of epistemological problems. Kawalec writes in a clear manner, makes his theses and arguments explicit, and gives ample bibliographical references.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The book consists of two Volumes. The first (the preceding volume) is devoted to the general nonlinear theory of the hierarchical dynamic oscillative-wave systems. This theory has been called the theory of hi- archical oscillations and waves. Here two aspects of the proposed theory are discussed. The first aspects concern the fundamental nature and the basic c- cepts and ideas of a new hierarchical approach to studying hierarchical dynamic systems. A new hierarchical paradigm is proposed as a - sis of a new point of view of such types of systems. In turn, a set of hierarchical principles is formulated as the fundamental basis of this paradigm. Therein the self-resemblance (holographic) principle plays a key role here. An adequate mathematic description (factorization) of the proposed paradigm is carried out. The concepts of structural and dynamic (functional) operators are put into the basis of this descr- tion. Electrodynamics is chosen as a convenient basis for an obvious demonstration of some key points of the proposed new theory. The second aspect has a purely mathematical nature. It is related to the form of factorization (i.e., mathematical description) of hier- chical types of dynamic models, and discussion of the methods of their mathematical analysis. A set of the hierarchical asymptotic analytical- numerical methods is given as an evidence of the practical effectiveness of the proposed version of hierarchical theory.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Derived from a course given at the University of Maryland for advanced graduate students, this book deals with some of the latest developments in our attempts to construct a unified theory of the fundamental interactions of nature. Among the topics covered are spontaneous symmetry breaking, grand unified theories, supersymmetry, and supergravity. The book starts with a quick review of elementary particle theory and continues with a discussion of composite quarks, leptons, Higgs bosons, and CP violation; it concludes with consideration of supersymmetric unification schemes, in which bosons and leptons are considered in some sense equivalent. The second edition is updated and corrected and contains new chapters on recent developments.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Nonlinear applied analysis and in particular the related elds of continuous optimization and variational inequality problems have gone through major developments over the last three decades and have reached maturity. A pivotal role in these developments has been played by convex analysis, a rich area covering a broad range of problems in mathematical sciences and its applications. Separation of convex sets and the Legendre-Fenchel conjugate transforms are fundamental notions that have laid the ground for these fruitful developments. Two other fundamental notions that have contributed to making convex analysis a powerful analytical tool and that haveoftenbeenhiddeninthesedevelopmentsarethenotionsofasymptotic sets and functions. The purpose of this book is to provide a systematic and comprehensive account of asymptotic sets and functions, from which a broad and u- ful theory emerges in the areas of optimization and variational inequa- ties. There is a variety of motivations that led mathematicians to study questions revolving around attaintment of the in mum in a minimization problem and its stability, duality and minmax theorems, convexi cation of sets and functions, and maximal monotone maps. In all these topics we are faced with the central problem of handling unbounded situations.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The 4th International Symposium on Women's Health and Menopause, organized by the Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Foundation (Milan, Italy and Houston, Texas) focused on the new strategies to improve the quality of life of post-menopausal women. This volume illustrates the findings of this conference and includes information on the age-related degenerative processes occurring after menopause including cardiovascular disease, cancer, fractures and dementia.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This SHAR volume discusses both the production and perception of acoustic signals that animals send and receive in order to communicate. Chapters address the information that animals communicate, how the communication is developed and learned, and how communication systems have adapted and evolved within species. The book will give examples from a variety of species.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Lake Issyk-Kul is a closed lake located in the Tien Shan mountain belt of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. It is the world's fifth deepest lake (668 m) and the second largest high altitude lake in the world (1607 m above sea level). The lake is affected by several environmental threats of both anthropogenic and natural origin: decline of the lake level resulting in progressively increasing salinity, incomplete vertical water exchange, and risk of contamination by past and present industrial activity.Although the lake has been intensively studied, the information is only available in unpublished reports or local scientific journals. This book presents for the first time to an international audience the main physical, chemical, biological and geological characteristics of the lake, the fruits of many years of observations, complemented by recent results of international projects. Case studies of similar problems in other parts of the world are presented, together with ethical aspects of the environmental protection of the lake.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications will be of interest to engineers, both in industry and academia, working in the area of SoC VLSI design and application. It will also be useful to graduate and undergraduate students in electrical and computer engineering and computer science. A selected set of papers from the 2nd International Workshop on Real-Time Applications were used to form the basis of this book. It is organized into the following chapters: -Introduction; -Design Reuse; -Modeling; -Architecture; -Design Techniques; -Memory; -Circuits; -Low Power; -Interconnect and Technology; -MEMS.System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications contains many signal processing applications and will be of particular interest to those working in that community.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book provides an insightful and comprehensive treatment of convexification and global optimization of continuous and mixed-integer nonlinear programs. Developed for students, researchers, and practitioners, the book covers theory, algorithms, software, and applications.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The fifth Conference on Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics was held in Scotland from 30 May to 2 June 2000 at the Edinburgh International Conference Centre. It formed part of the EUROEM 2000 International Conference under the chairmanship of David Parkes (DERA, Malvern) and Paul Smith (University of Dundee). It continued the series of international conferences that were held first at the Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York in 1992 and 1994, then in Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1996 (as part of AMEREM '96) and more recently in Tel-Aviv, Israel in 1998 (as part of EUROEM '98). The purpose of these meetings is to focus on advanced technologies for the generation, radiation and detection of ultra-wideband short pulse signals, taking into account their propagation, scattering from and coupling to targets of interest; to report on developments in supporting mathematical and numerical methods; and to describe current and potential future applications of the technology.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Over the past several decades, consumer interest in the fine vintage wines produced by small 'boutique' vintners across the United States has grown to rival that of many European estates. This attention continues to intensify, especially for the truly good wines that are reasonably priced. Consumers are, however, unforgiving especially wine enthusiasts. Second-class wines do not succeed just because a vintner is new. The methods and controls essential to vintners in the production and marketing of top-grade wines have advanced. This second edition of Winemaking has updated and, in some cases, completely revised the material associated with these disciplines. Fine wine is much like other art forms, as it is the infinite variability of factors pertaining to the subject that renders it so complex-and able to attract buyer's attention. Hundreds of different vine varieties are cultivated around the world, and no doubt an even greater number of fruit and berry cultivars. Andwith the addition of such factors as terroir (soil and climate attributes) changing every vintage season, varied vineyard cultivation and harvesting techniques, advancing production technology, dynamic markets, and overall operational philosophy, one can easily understand the enormous breadth and depth of variation that exists. This diversity generates an unimaginable number of different wine possibilities.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The objectives of this volume are to present an up-to-date (literature survey up to 2001) account of the biology of Artemia focusing particularly upon the major advances in knowledge and understanding achieved in the last fifteen or so years and emphasising the operational and functional linkage between the biological phenomena described and the ability of this unusual animal to thrive in extreme environments. Artemia is a genus of anostracan crustaceans, popularly known as brine shrimps. These animals are inhabitants of saline environments which are too extreme for the many species which readily predate them if opportunity offers. They are, thus, effectively inhabitants of extreme (hypersaline) habitats, but at the same time are able to tolerate physiologically large changes in salinity, ionic composition, temperature and oxygen tension. Brine shrimp are gener ally thought of as tropical and subtropical, but are also found in regions where temperatures are very low for substantial periods such as Tibet, Siberia and the Atacama desert. They have, thus, great powers of adaptation and are of interest for this capacity alone. The earliest scientific reference to brine shrimp is in 1756, when Schlosser reported their existence in the saltpans of Lymington, England. These saltpans no longer exist and brine shrimp are not found in Britain today. Later, Linnaeus named the brine shrimp Cancer salinus and later still, Leach used the name Artemia salina. The strong effect which the salinity of the medium exerts on the morphological development of Artemia is now widely recognised.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Principal component analysis is central to the study of multivariate data. Although one of the earliest multivariate techniques, it continues to be the subject of much research, ranging from new model-based approaches to algorithmic ideas from neural networks. It is extremely versatile, with applications in many disciplines. The first edition of this book was the first comprehensive text written solely on principal component analysis. The second edition updates and substantially expands the original version, and is once again the definitive text on the subject. It includes core material, current research and a wide range of applications. Its length is nearly double that of the first edition. Researchers in statistics, or in other fields that use principal component analysis, will find that the book gives an authoritative yet accessible account of the subject. It is also a valuable resource for graduate courses in multivariate analysis. The book requires some knowledge of matrix algebra. Ian Jolliffe is Professor of Statistics at the University of Aberdeen. He is author or co-author of over 60 research papers and three other books. His research interests are broad, but aspects of principal component analysis have fascinated him and kept him busy for over 30 years.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This work presents new and old constructions of nearrings. Links between properties of the multiplicative of nearrings (as regularity conditions and identities) and the structure of nearrings are studied. Primality and minimality properties of ideals are collected. Some types of `simpler' nearrings are examined. Some nearrings of maps on a group are reviewed and linked with group-theoretical and geometrical questions. Audience: Researchers working in nearring theory, group theory, semigroup theory, designs, and translation planes. Some of the material will be accessible to graduate students.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Introductions to solid state physics have, ever since the initial book by F. Seitz in 1940, concentrated on simple crystals, with few atoms per cell, bonded together by strong ionic, covalent, or metallic bonds. References to weaker bonds, such as van der Waals forces in rare gases, or to geometric or chemical disorder (e.g., alloys or glasses) have been limited. The physical understanding of this eld started well before Seitz's book and led to a number of Nobel prizes after the last war. Applications cover classical metallurgy, el- tronics, geology and building materials, as well as electrical and ionic transport, chemical reactivity, ferroelectricity and magnetism. But in parallel with this general and well publicized trend, and sometimes earlier as far as physical concepts were concerned, an exploration and increasingly systematic study of softer matter has developed through the twentieth century. More often in the hands of physical chemists and crystallographers than those of pure physicists, the eld had for a long time a reputation of complexity. If progress in polymers was steady but slow, interest in liquid crystals had lain dormant for forty years, after a bright start lasting through 1925, to be revived in the late 1960s based on their possible use in imaging techniques. The optoelectronic properties of the eld in general are even more recent.