Springer us springer feb 2012 (356 risultati)
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The discovery of new molecules that function in neuronal communication can be viewed as a progression of steps beginning with the identification of the molecular structure, moving to the understanding of the mecha nisms mediating t…he synaptic action, and to the appraisal of the involve ment of the new molecules in various neuronal mechanisms, and finally reaching the evaluation of this molecule's role in brain function and the consequences that are triggered by its abnormalities. Enkephalins have followed such a pattern, and the present publication expresses the salient points of the last two phases in this succession. Enkephalins were discovered in December 1975; in addition to pain threshold regulation, their participation in other brain functions was soon ascertained. Perhaps, there are multiple recognition sites for multiple molecular forms of endogenous enkephalins; similarly to other transmitter recognition sites, these are coupled with ionic and nucleotide amplifying systems; thus, when activated, they can modify membrane funtion and ionic permeability of membranes. The present publication probes the current status of our knowledge concerning the consequences related to abnormalities in enkephalin storage, release, and synthesis. However, since our basic understanding of enkephalins is incomplete, the views reported should be considered to be in a state of flux. 512 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Knowledge Services Management looks at the transformation of the traditional workplace into a quasi-internal market environment where work activities in knowledge services are organized around clusters of similar or complementary k…nowledge stocks to address particular types of customer-clients priorities. The book explores a new internal market structure for these service organizations and the implications this presents for managers and scholars in the 21st century workplace. By adopting an internal market perspective, the book develops new organizational forms outside the traditional hierarchical paradigm, which is ill-suited for the emerging knowledge workplace, in order to effectively manage emerging knowledge services. The indispensable role of customer/client in the operations of these organizations is examined, as is the creation of the 'Proventure Workplace', a work environment which accentuates jobs requiring rich cognitive skills for continuing innovation and creativity. 200 pp. Englisch.
Lingua: Inglese
Editore: Springer US Feb 2012, 2012
Serie: Libro 115 di 323 - International Series in Operations Research & Management Science
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -One of the most well-known of all network optimization problems is the shortest path problem, where a shortest connection between two locations in a road network is to be found. This problem is the basis of route planners in vehicl…es and on the Internet. Networks are very common structures; they consist primarily of a nite number of locations (points, nodes), together with a number of links (edges, arcs, connections) between the locations. Very often a certain number is attached to the links, expressing the distance or the cost between the end points of that connection. Networks occur in an extremely wide range of applications, among them are: road networks; cable networks; human relations networks; project scheduling networks; production networks; distribution networks; neural networks; networks of atoms in molecules. In all these cases there are 'objects' and 'relations' between the objects. A n- work optimization problem is actually nothing else than the problem of nding a subset of the objects and the relations, such that a certain optimization objective is satis ed. 196 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -High pressure science is a rapidly growing diverse fi. e1d. The high pressure technique has become a powerful tool for both the study and preparation of materials. In spi. te of the many high pressure conferences held in recent yea…rs, I felt that there was a need for scientists within a well-defined area (not bound merely by the common experimental technique) to meet in an atmosphere conducive to frank exchange and close interaction. In this spirit, the Cleveland State University hosted such a conference from July 20 to 22, 1977, in which the physics of solids under high pressures and at low tempera tures was specifically examined. Both the original and review papers presented at the conference and the candid discussions following their presentations appear in this volume. They clearly cover a rather complete spectrum of current research in the physics of solids at high pressures and low temperatures. I wish to thank the National Aeronautics and Space Administra tion, the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Founda tion for their financial support of the conference. In addition, I wish especially to thank Steinar Huang for his unceasing assistance in arranging this conference. I also wish to thank him and Francis Stephenson for their assistance in preparing this book. C. W. Chu, Chairman, International Conference on High Pressure and Low Temperature Physics v Contents HYDROGEN AND METAL-HYDRIDES (Chairman: I. Spain) PROSPECTS FOR METALLIC HYDROGEN 1 A. L. 616 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on 'Growth and Optical Properties of Wide Gap II-VI Low Dimensional Semiconductors', held from 2 - 6 August 1988 in Regensburg, Federal Republic of Germany…, under the auspices of the NATO International Scientific Exchange Programme. Semiconducting compounds formed by combining an element from column II of the periodic table with an element from column VI (so called II-VI Semiconductors) have long promised many optoelectronic devices operating in the visible region of the spectrum. However, these materials have encountered numerous problems including: large number of defects and difficulties in obtaining p- and n-type doping. Advances in new methods of material preparation may hold the key to unlocking the unfulfilled promises. During the workshop a full session was taken up covering the prospects for wide-gap II-VI Semiconductor devices, particularly light emitting ones. The growth of bulk materials was reviewed with the view of considering II-VI substrates for the novel epitaxial techniques such as MOCVD, MBE, ALE, MOMBE and ALE-MBE. The controlled introduction of impurities during non-equilibrium growth to provide control of the doping type and conductivity was emphasized. 364 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the 'Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society' (CCMS) at the November 1969 meeting of the North Atlantic Council. The CCMS was charged with developing meaningful enviro…nmen tal and social programs that complement other international pro grams, and with showing leadership, first, in solution of exist ing problems and, second, in development of long-range goals for environmental protection in the NATO sphere of influence and in other countries as well. A first Pilot Study on Air Pollution was initiated by the CCMS at its inaugural meeting in December 1969. It resulted in documents about the definition of criteria for the effects of air pollutants as well as the development of assess ment methods for air quality in urban areas. A second Air Pollution Pilot Study (1975-1979) worked out the basics for setting up assessment methods for emissions inven tories, techniques for the practical application of meteorologi cal diffusion models as well as the development of guidelines for an Air Quality Management System (AQMS). Within this second Air Pollution Pilot Study attention to modelling concentrated on the Gaussian Plume Model. A third Pilot Study on Air Pollution Control Strategies and Impact Modelling then was initiated in 1979 and started in 1980. 292 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The contents of this book reflect a symposium held in honor of Professor Herman Kalckar's seventy-fifth birthday. His impact on the history of biochemistry is reflected by the diversity of the contributions of his former students a…nd friends. Speakers came from Asia, Europe, and the United States to discuss both procaryotes and eukaryotes. The unifying theme was the cell membrane, both its organization and its function. Ektobiology, a topic that has held the attention of Professor Kalckar for many years, was clearly defined as a central topic in biology. This subject deals with the key structure whereby the cell interacts with the outside world and which, in a sense, defines the boundary between what is the cell and what is not. Topics discussed include the biogenesis of membrane proteins, sugars and lipids, the role of membrane components in osmoregula tion, and mechanisms of nutrient transport. Of great interest is the system for surface recognition evolved in vertebrates, exemplified by the HLA system of man. Neoplasia causes changes in the cell membrane that may be of significant future potential in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies as well as in the understanding of the process of transformation. The changes in glycosphingolipids and carbohydrate antigens in relation to oncogenesis are detailed. I should like to recognize Doctors Kurt J. Isselbacher, Phillips W. Robbins, Victor Ginsburg, and Hiroshi Nikaido for their ,assistance in organizing the symposium. Ms. Jean Brumbaugh deserves special thanks for putting this book together. 312 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Within the tradition of meetings devoted to potential theory, a conference on potential theory took place in Prague on 19-24, July 1987. The Conference was organized by the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, wi…th the collaboration of the Institute of Mathematics, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, the Department of Mathematics, Czech University of Technology, the Union of Czechoslovak Mathematicians and Physicists, the Czechoslovak Scientific and Technical Society, and supported by IMU. During the Conference, 69 scientific communications from different branches of potential theory were presented; the majority of them are in cluded in the present volume. (Papers based on survey lectures delivered at the Conference, its program as well as a collection of problems from potential theory will appear in a special volume of the Lecture Notes Series published by Springer-Verlag). Topics of these communications truly reflect the vast scope of contemporary potential theory. Some contributions deal with applications in physics and engineering, other concern potential theoretic aspects of function theory and complex analysis. Numerous papers are devoted to the theory of partial differential equations. Included are also many articles on axiomatic and abstract potential theory with its relations to probability theory. The present volume may thus be of intrest to mathematicians speciali zing in the above-mentioned fields and also to everybody interested in the present state of potential theory as a whole. 380 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The time seems ripe for a critical compendium of that segment of the biological universe we call viruses. Virology, as a science, having passed only recently through its descriptive phase of naming and num bering, has probably reac…hed that stage at which relatively few new truly new-viruses will be discovered. Triggered by the intellectual probes and techniques of molecular biology, genetics, biochemical cytology, and high-resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the field has experienced a genuine information explosion. Few serious attempts have been made to chronicle these events. This comprehensive series, which will comprise some 6000 pages in a total of about 22 volumes, represents a commitment by a large group of active investigators to analyze, digest, and expostulate on the great mass of data relating to viruses, much of which is now amorphous and disjointed, and scattered throughout a wide literature. In this way, we hope to place the entire field in perspective, and to develop an invaluable reference and sourcebook for researchers and students at all levels. This series is designed as a continuum that can be entered anywhere, but which also provides a logical progression of developing facts and integrated concepts. 516 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The present volume is based on the proceedings of the 12th Workshop of the INFN ELOISATRON Project, held at the 'Ettore Majorana' Centre for Scientific Culture (EMCSC), Erice (frapani), Sicily, Italy, in the period September 15-20,… 1990. The proceedings deal with the presentation of 'New Technologies for Supercolliders'. Three new energy frontiers (16,40 and 200 TeV) are now opened up for the future of Subnuclear Physics. Basic problems above the Fermi-energy are crowding up: but no one knows the energy levels needed for their solution. This is why the technology for experiments with the new generation of Supercolliders needs to be pursued having in mind the problems which are of common interest in the three energy frontiers. The primary purpose of the Workshop was to contribute towards the highest energy limit in the search for new instruments and new technologies. Furthermore, the present status and performances of various detector technologies were reviewed. The possible options for a powerful apparatus whose goal would be the discovery of the top, Higgs and SUSY particles in a very high energy, high rate environment, were finally analysed. The Workshop was sponsored by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), the Italian Ministry of Education, the Italian Ministry of Scientific and Technological Research and the Sicilian Regional Government. We are thankful to the staff of EMCSC for their efficient and warm support. 404 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is for the most part made up of the invited papers presented at the International Conference on Applica tions of the Kdssbauer effect, held at Aye1eth Hashahar, Israel, in August 1972. The purpose of the conference was to… review perspec tives in MHssbauer spectroscopy from the point of view of applications in various fields of science - mainly physics, chemistry, and biology. It was hoped that the bringing together of scientists who work in different disciplines but use a common tool would encourage interdisciplinary re search and widen the horizon of the individual researcher. Both these features have been an important and unique characteristic of Kdssbauer research in the past decade. Accordingly, the main papers were presented in the following areas: magnetic properties of solids, applications to in organic chemistry, biochemical studies, amorphous systems, metal alloys, advances in high-resolution studies, and the new techniques for studying recoil-free spectra from isolated atoms in inert materials. A special panel discussion was devoted to the subject of phase transitions. Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in the use of X-ray photoelec tron spectroscopy for the study of the physics and chemistry of solids. A report on this area of research and its rela tion to Kdssbauer studies has been included. 268 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The ground-state of molecular oxygen, O , is essential to many 2 indispensible metabolic processes of all aerobic life forms ranging from prokaryotes, protists, plants, and fungi to animals. Research by mammalian toxicologists and…clinicians has unravelled persua sive evidence that O dependence imposes universal toxicity to all 2 aerobic life processes. The basis of this paradox is that one-electron reduction of O2 generates the superoxide anion free radical, 0;-, from numerous biological sources; for example, redox-active autoxidizable molecules such as catecholamines, oxidoreductases, and subcellular organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reti'C ulum (microsomes), nuclei, and chloroplasts. Oxygen is also acti vated in biologically relevant photosensitizing reactions to highly re active singlet oxygen, 10 , 2 In all biological systems, 0;- undergoes further reduction to H 0 2 2 via Fenton reaction to the hydroxyl radical, OH. These, and some other forms of activated O , constitute reactive oxygen species (ROS) 2 and/or metabolites (ROM). Both 'OH and 10 are the most reactive 2 forms of ROS known and among their deleterious reactions are ox idation of proteins, DNA, steroidal compounds, and peroxidation of the cell membrane's unsaturated lipids to form unstable hydro peroxides. Their many breakdown products include malondialde hyde and hydroxynonenals that are themselves highly reactive and threaten cellular integrity and function. More importantly, they de compose to free radicals that can continue to propagate the vicious lipid peroxidation chain reaction. This is the so-called endogenous oxidative stress with which all aerobic organisms must cope. 480 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Alzheimer's disease, stroke and Parkinson's disease are the most prevalent brain diseases in the elderly. The psychiatric and behavioural consequences of these and other brain disorders contribute greatly to the decline in function… of these patients, often leading to greater suffering and a decreased quality of life, placement in institutions and increased stress on the family and other caregivers. The authors in this book discuss the psychiatric consequences of brain disease in the elderly with a particular focus on the management of these disorders. We have tried to keep the content of this book clinically relevant throughout by using a series of case examples and by emphasizing the various treatment strategies and forms of management available to the health care professional. In attempting to understand these disorders, it is important to place equal emphasis on biological, psychological and social factors. Because of the complexity and chronicity of these conditions, multidisciplinary intervention is crucial. We believe that this book will be helpful to all those working with the elderly, whether in the community or in the institution. This includes physicians, nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, psychologists and all those working with this patient population. 228 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Lewis Thomas has suggested that 'Perhaps the inflammatory reaction should be regarded as a defense of an individual against all the rest of nature, symbolizing his individuality and announcing his existence as an entity. ' Provisio…n of these symbols and announcements is the task of various mediators of inflammation and this volume has been designed to present our current understanding of their biochemistry, cellular origins, pharmacology, and role in pathology. Unlike other volumes of collected papers, this book did not result from a specific conference or symposium at which each contributor presented his own, narrowly framed research experience. Rather, each of the chapters represents, in the form of a general review, a summary of our knowledge of the mediators and the mecha nisms by which they are released to launch the inflammatory response. Much effort has been taken to insure that the often conflicting terminology in this field is defmed in detail: many synonyms (e. g. , of the properdin system or the alternate pathway of complement activation) have been repeatedly presented, in order to avoid confusion. Although each of the contributors is actively engaged in the field of inflammation, few text figures or tables of ongoing research have been included; the overall aim was to provide a volume readily accessible to workers in other areas as well as to the general reader. 220 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the last decade, the rapid growth of knowledge in the field of fluid mechanics and heat transfer has resulted in many significant ad vances of interest to students, engineers, and scientists. Accordingly, a course entitled '…Modern Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer' was given at the University of California to present significant recent theoretical and experimental work. The course consisted of seven parts: I-Introduction; II-Hydraulic Analogy for Gas Dynamics; 111- Turbulence and Unsteady Gas Dynamics; IV-Rarefied and Radiation Gas Dynamics; V-Biological Fluid Mechanics; VI-Hypersonic and Plasma Gas Dynamics; and VII-Heat Transfer in Hypersonic Flows. The material, presented by the undersigned as course instructor and by various guest lecturers, could easily be adapted by other universities for use as a text for a one-semester senior or graduate course on the subject. Due to the extensive notes developed during the University of California course, it was decided to publish the material in three volumes, of which the present is the first. The succeeding volumes will be entitled 'Selected Topics in Fluid and Bio-Fluid Mechanics' and 'Introduction to Steady and Unsteady Gas Dynamics.' Finally, I must express a word of appreciation to my wife Irene and to my children, Wellington Jr. and Victoria, who made it possible for me to write and edit this book in the very quiet atmosphere of our home. 404 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the invited lectures presented in a symposium entitled 'Evolutionary strategies of parasitic insects and mites' at the national meeting of the Entomological Society of America in Minneapolis, Minnesota, 2-5 Dec…ember, 1974. The intent was to bring together biologists who have worked on arthropods that are either plant or animal parasites in order to foster consideration of general aspects of the parasitic way of life. There seems to be a deficiency of ecological and evolutionary concepts relating to parasitism, in contrast to the burgeoning literature on predation, and it appeared that an amalgamation of studies on plant and animal parasites might help development of some generalities. Since parasities are far more numerous than predators in the world fauna, or in any particular community, emphasis on their study is justified. I freely admit that para sitoids have been usefully regarded as predators by ecologists, and many concepts on predation have been derived from their study. Also, in whichever category one places the parasitoids, that is the one which contains the most species. However, from an evolu tionary point of view they show many characteristics that must be regarded as those of a parasite. Notably, they are small, highly specific to their host, highly coevolved with it, as a result many species can coexist, and their adaptive radiation has produced the majority of the species diversity seen on Earth today. 240 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is a pleasure to any author to enlarge the circle of his readers. Naturally this is a pleasure to me. At the same time, however, misgivings arise: whether these pages will con vey to the circle of new readers the thoughts that e…xcite the author. Science is advancing rapidly in our day. It is already apparent that many things in the book should have been stated differently. I have tried to make additions to the English-language edition in such a way that they do not require great alteration of the text. I ask my new readers to remember that this book was written primarily for my fellow countrymen and that, because of this, some chapters contain descriptions of regions little known to you and information on the USSR almost unknown from other publications. I hope that, despite this, geologists who read the English-language edition will find something of interest to themselves in it and that their labor will not have been in vain. Yu. M. Sheinmann Institute of Phys ics of the Earth Moscow v PREFACE The study of endogenetic processes has long pushed us into investigation of ever deeper parts of the earth. Not long ago all attention was focused on depths where ore deposits appear, where metamorphic and igneous rocks, which later become exposed at the surface, are formed, where granites originate. 184 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The literature of medicine continues to expand at a remarkable pace. The number of papers and monographs published has increased dramatically in the past five years. Nowhere has this increase been as dramatic as in the field of acu…te and chronic hepatitis. Why then should there be still another book Despite the sheer volume of words published, it is still difficult to find in anyone volume a compilation of all of the most significant work. Most mono graphs have considered either chronic or acute hepatitis, not both. Few works have addressed both the clinician and the basic scientist. This book addresses both of these audiences and considers both of these diseases. It was designed to provide an authoritative but concise assessment of our changing concepts of acute and chronic hepatitis. It covers what is currently known and, based on the most convincing research, believed about these diseases. To fulfill this ambitious goal, only authors with international reputations in their fields of expertise were invited to contribute. In the evolution of our current thoughts on the pathogenesis and manage ment of acute and chronic hepatitis, our ideas have changed several times. This book presents the facts as they are known today and, in areas where all the facts are not established, presents the well-founded opinions of those considered to be authorities. The authors present established and usually confirmed data and do not deal extensively with areas of speculation or unconfirmed material. 360 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In many areas of physics, such as astrophysics, solid-state physics, nuclear physics and particle physics, a major outstanding problem is a better understanding of corre lation phenomena. While in most cases the average properties…of a system are rather well understood, the correlations and the resulting clustering are poorly understood. They are reflections of the force mediating the interaction among the constituents and play essential roles in determining the structure of a physical system. At the largest scales, in astrophysics, it has recently been realized that there are huge voids in space and almost all matter is concentrated on filaments, raising interesting questions concerning the origin of this clustering of matter. In nuclear physics corre lation phenomena are important in all its subfields. It has been realized that so-called fluctuations in the one-particle density, which are a manifestation of nucleon-nucleon correlations, are crucial. These are important for an understanding of heavy-ion reac tions. This is the subject of modern quantum transport theories. Correlations are also crucial in the description of the high momentum components as observed in quasi-elastic knock-out reactions. 280 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The study of the relationship between the structure, morphology and properties of polymer films has significantly progressed in recent years through the use of a number of phyiscal techniques - some new and some old. These methods…include small and large angle x-ray diffraction, bire fringence, light scattering, infrared dichroism, fluorescence polarization, light and electron microscopy and interferrometry. This collection of papers, most of which were presented at a symposium at the Boston American Chemical Society Meeting in April, 1972, represent a collection of recent studies using many of these methods by some of the leading scientists in their fields. It is evident that these various techniques permit the study of various aspects of film structure such as crystal structure and orientation, amorphous orientation, the interrelation of crystalline and amorphous regions in lamellar, fibrillar, and spherulitic superstructure and the relationshi. p of these structural variables to the mechanical and optical properties of the films. Film structure is sufficiently complex that a complete understanding of the relationship between structure and properties will come from the employment of a combination of several of these methods. vii CONTENTS Optical Studies of the Morphology of Polymer Films 1 Richard S. Stein Light Scattering by Oriented Native Cellulose Systems 25 R. H. Marchessault Superstructure in Films of Bio and Biorelated Small Angle Polymers as Noted by 39 Light Scattering Garth L. 356 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The history of so-called storage diseases goes back to the end of the 19th and to the beginning of the 20th century when Fabry, Tay, Sachs, Gaucher, Niemann, Hunter, and Hurler first described the disorders which up to now are call…ed by their eponym. The clinical descriptions soon were followed by pathologic studies, and within a short time ,the hereditary characters of these rare afflictions came to be recognized. Although sporadic reports during the early part of this century dealt with biochemical analysis of the 'stored' materials in these disorders, it was actually in the late 1930s that the abnormal deposits started to attract the increasing attention of chemists. S. H. Thannhauser brought the broad concept of lipidoses as a group of related disorders to the attention of the medical profession for the first time, and in 1939 Klenk observed that the brain of a patient with Tay-Sachs disease contained greatly increased amounts of a glycolipid for which he proposed the name 'ganglioside. ' 20 years has thrown new light on these afflic Work carried out in the past tions and has pinpointed the enzymatic and lipid abnormalities associated with the various 'storage' diseases. Moreover, electron microscopic studies have permitted detailed investigations of the fine structure of the various organs of afflicted patients. 296 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Since the time of the discovery of the fission of the nucleus, when Hahn and Strassmann first detected the products of nuclear fission in 1939 in uranium irradiated by neutrons, over two decades have passed. In the work accom plish…ed since that time, research has been greatly expanded on fission products and has been extended to many nuclides formed in the fission of various nu clei induced by neutrons, gamma rays, charged particles, and in spontaneous fission. Amassing of experimental results is an important task not only for nu clear engineering but also for an understanding of the fission process itself, for bringing into existence a finished theory on the unique and intriguing physi cal phenomenon which plays such a decisive role in the practical utilization of nuclear energy. In this reference manual, an attempt is made to collect and generalize upon the results of experimental research work over the period spanning 1939 to 1962, on yields of fission products and on the mass distribution of fission fragments. Various instances of the fission of nuclei induced by neutrons, gamma rays, charged particles, and spontaneous fission of nuclei are discussed. 132 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Sherrington School of Physiology at St. Thomas' Hospital provided a natural venue for four days of enthusiastic debate on Sherrington's Final Common Path -the alpha motoneurone and related matters; Sherrington himself held a le…cturership at St. Thomas' just over a century ago. The occasion was a happy one. Most participants already knew each other, the topics were familiar, the discussion was vigorous and critical but without personal rancor. The program had set out to encourage debate with 'critiques' both of the oral papers and the posters; their inclusion in the present volume helps to show where we are standing on rock rather than sand. In spite of a venerable history some surprisingly simple matters remain controversial, such as the information content of the signals from the Golgi tendon organs. To those working on alpha and gamma motoneurones and their control this volume provides an essential up-dating. Classical problems continue to be attacked on a broad front; advance is steady and continuous, a swelling tide rather than a sudden view of the summit. But in some sectors the difficulties are so great that to the outsider little might seem to change, the same battles continuing; but even here, the terms of debate change and concensus develops. Other branches of biology claim breakthrough upon breakthrough from the routine application of the new technologies, so we have to be the first to ask whether our classical approach to science can still be justified. 656 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -To anyone who worked long on the functional organization of living systems, it seems obvious that the central problems arise from a multi plicity of closed loops Simultaneously active in the control of every act. Severally, they ma…y be stable but, combined, they may crack up or break into schizogenetic oscillation. Whatever they are, linear or not, is beside the point, for in either case the same difficulty of analysis arises. Nor does it help our argument that we deal only with formal neurons or those having greater similitude to real ones. This limited Pitts and me, in 1943, to three theorems of Part III of our 'Logical Calculus of Idea Immanent in Nervous Activity. ' We still seek a transparent terminology in which to discern their properties. In the face of such difficulties it takes great courage to attempt a servo system analysis of the control mechanisms me diating any reflex if one would do this as a good engineer. Walt Whitman says of the 'Beginners,' 'How dear and dreadful they are to the earth - appearing at intervals - How all times mischoose their objects of adulation and reward - And how the same price must still be paid for the same great services!' Larry Stark is a beginner. His book must not be mistaken for phys iology - and there is nothing wrong with his physiology. 452 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The systematic study of the adsorption of organic compounds on electrodes began with the comprehensive survey of adsorption on mercury carried out by Gouy in the first decade of this century. His studies with the capillary electrom…eter are still useful but do not lend themselves to detailed quantitative analysis. A more de tailed study of a few systems by Frumkin in his thesis (1919) led him to propose a quantitative phenomenological theory of organic adsorption (1925, 1926) at almost the same time as Stern proposed the model of the electrical double layer which remains the picture accepted in general terms today. The attempt at a molecular model made by Butler (1929) should be more satisfying but up to the pres ent the formidable difficulties of a molecular theory of interfacial phenomena have prevented the full interpretation of experimental results along these lines. In his work with Proskurnin (1935), Frumkin is also respon sible for the major experimental advance in the demonstration that reliable measurements of the capacity of an electrode-solution interface can be obtained provided that the work is carried out under conditions of scrupulous cleanliness. Even so, preCise mea surements of double layer capacities were not obtained until Grahame (1941) showed how convenient and reliable the dropping mercury electrode was the for these studies. This method and the hanging drop electrode remain the preferred methods for study of adsorp tion on mercury. Solid electrodes present a more difficult problem. 516 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The thalidomide tragedy which occurred slightly more than a decade ago made public officials and the general public acutely aware of the teratogenic potential of drugs. Although specialists in pharmacology and developmental biology… had been studying this problem many years before, this catastrophic episode triggered the passage of legislation which required that information about the teratogenicity of drugs be produced before the drugs could be available to the general public. Gross deformities in man produced by drugs are frequently difficult to reproduce in experimental animals and the changes which are produced in other animals are frequently not translatable to humans. The problem of evaluating the potential that drugs have to produce gross malformations is small, however, compared to the evaluation of subtle but permanent behavioral effects which drugs may exert upon the developing organism. Nevertheless, many experimental studies in recent years indicate that subtle biochemical changes produced by drugs on brain tissue during critical periods of fetal or early post natal maturation may become manifest subsequently as behavioral deviations in early childhood or adolescence. Hyperkinetic disorders, epilepsies and other developmental disabilities may have a subtle biochemical imbalance, perhaps drug induced, as an underlying factor. This symposium was organized with the intent of bringing to gether prominent investigators who are working in different aspects of brain development and who are interested in the effects of drugs on the developing brain in order to discuss their findings, pro pose new theories, and open new avenues for future research. 552 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book contains the lectures delivered at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Physics and Applications of Quantum Wells and Superlattices', held in Erice, Italy, on April 21-May 1, 1987. This course was the fourth one of the I…nternational School of Solid-State Device Research, which is under the auspices of the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture. In the last ten years, we have seen an enormous increase in re search in the field of Semiconductor Heterostructures, as evidenced by the large percentage of papers presented in recent international conferences on semiconductor physics. Undoubtfully, this expansion has been made possible by dramatic advances in materials preparation, mostly by molecular beam epitaxy and organometallic chemical vapor deposition. The emphasis on epitaxial growth that was prevalent at the beginning of the decade (thus, the second course of the School, held in 1983, was devoted to Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Heterostructures) has given way to a strong interest in new physical phenomena and new material structures, and to practical applications that are already emerging from them. 468 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -viii beginning to understand-their action, as will be brought out in this symposium. During this same period another development took place in psychiatry, namely, social and community psychiatry, interpreted by some, incorrectly, i…n my opinion, as the antitheses of the biological approach. The whole area of the delivery of mental health services, which quickly became more of a political and social issue than a medical one, led to confusion, disillusionment, despair, and also soul-searching by psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. The remarkable Pablo Picasso said, 'the development of photography freed the artist to express his own creativity. ' I have paraphrased Picasso's insightful remark, namely, 'the development of biology and social and community psychiatry should free the psychiatrist to express his own creati vity as a physician. ' It should allow him to regain his basic medi cal identity. As his medical identity becomes paramount, then the pejorative classification of psychiatrists into those 'organically oriented' and those 'dynamically-oriented' will no longer be valid. The psychiatrist, like his medical colleague, must be concerned with the psychological, psychosocial, biological, and technical aspects of psychiatry. The strengthening and development of the medical identity of the psychiatrist imposes increased responsibilities on him and on psychiatry as a medical discipline. On the one hand, he will have to become more of a neuro-bi_ gist and, on the other, more of a behavioral scientist. 292 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A meeting was held at the Physics Centre in Bad Honnef from Feb. 16-20, 1987 on the subject 'The Fundamental Interaction: Geometrical Trends'. This meeting was in the series of Physics Schools organized by the German Physical Socie…ty. The participants were mainly younger scientists and graduate students: physicists, mathematicians and astronomers from the Federal Republic of Germany; there were also participants from Austria, the Netherlands and Switzerland. The purpose of the meeting was to introduce the participants to modern methods of mathematics and field theory which are increasingly being used in current elementary particle research. An outstanding feature of the school was the fact that each lecturer really made an effort to present his material at an introductory level, which could be followed by people with the usual degree level qualifications and which, nevertheless, then led up to the level of contemporary specialized literature. We hope that the published volume will make these lectures, which taken together give a unified overview of the recent developments leading up to the current world-view in modern theoretical physics, available to a wider audience. We wish to thank the lecturers, who besides the formal lectures devoted their time to discussions with the participants throughout the duration of the School. We are also grateful to the staff of the Physics Centre for their organizational assistance, and to the participants, whose active interest made the meeting a success. The entire manuscript was efficiently typed by Manfred Krafczyk at the University of Dortmund. 260 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The First International School on 'Electromagnetic Fields and Biomembranes' took place in Pleven, Bulgaria on 6-12 October 1986. It was designed as an advanced course through a collaboration of the Biological Faculty of Sofia Unive…rsity and the Council of the Bioelectrochemical Society. In an advanced course the lecturers are specialized in particular areas, and the students are usually specialists in related areas. We have captured the expertise of both groups of participants in this volume. The longer papers prepared by the lecturers are joined with the shorter papers based on the posters presented by the 'students' to provide a summary of the school as well as an indication of current research directions in the field. The course was designed to provide the latest information about biomembrane structure and function, covering the properties of both the lipid matrix and the recently characterized proteins that function as specialized channels and receptors. Real membranes and various models were covered, with an emphasis on understanding their mechanisms of interaction with various exogenous stimuli (e.g., electric, magnetic, light, etc.). Several practical applications of this information (e.g., electroporation, electro-fusion) were also presented with indications of the possibilities for new developments in biotechnology. The mixture of basic science with practical applications, together with the int~rmingling of lecturers and students from many different countries produced a stimulating atmosphere and effective teaching. We hope that this volume will transmit some of this atmosphere. 328 pp. Englisch.
