World bank publications jun 2015 (15 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This report provides a status update on the human resources for health (HRH) sub-system in six Latin American and Caribbean countries: Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Panama, Peru, and Uruguay. The report structures its discussion around how the health workforce is financed, organized, managed, regulated, and performing.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Provide a short description (no more than 350 characters, about 50 words) in simple, nontechnical language that aptly expresses the book's scope and theme. This study explores policy options based on evidence from international experience that will help Bangladesh improve the availability and skill-mix of its health workforce.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Over the last decade, a policy revolution has been underway in the developing and emerging world. Country after country is systematically providing non-contributory transfers to poor and vulnerable people, in order to protect them against economic shocks and to enable them to invest in themselves and their children. Social safety nets or social transfers, as these are called, have spread rapidly from their early prominence in the middle-income countries of Latin America and Europe increasingly to nations in Africa, Asia and the Middle East - and today, over 130 developing countries have made investments in social safety nets an important pillar of economic development policies.The statistics and analysis in The State of Social Safety Nets 2015 capture this revolution, and reveal it in many dimensions at the country, regional, and international levels. This latest edition of a periodic series brings together a large body of data that was not previously available, drawing on the World Bank's ASPIRE database and other sources. Why have so many countries made a firm commitment to incorporate social safety nets as part of their social and economic policy architecture Because social safety nets work. This report also reports on the rigorous evidence that demonstrates their impact, and also points the way to making them even more efficient and effective at meeting their development goals.This latest edition of a periodic series brings together a large body of data that was not previously available, drawing on the World Bank's ASPIRE database and other sources to examine trends in coverage, spending, and safety nets program performance.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Since independence, the West African sub-region has been an arena for a number of large-scale conflicts and civil wars, as well as simmering and low-intensity uprisings. Contrary to perceptions, West Africa in its post-independence history has experienced fewer conflict events and fatalities from conflict than the other sub-regions on the continent. The turn of the millennium has witnessed the recession of large-scale and conventional conflict, and it has ushered in new and emerging threats. The specters of religious extremism, maritime piracy, and narcotics trafficking threaten toundermine some of the progress achieved in recent years.The Challenge of Stability and Security in West Africa critically examines the key drivers of conflict and violence, and the way in which they impact the countries of the sub-region. In addition to emerging threats, these drivers include the challenges of youth inclusion, migration, sub-regional imbalances, and extractives, as well as challenges related to the fragility of political institutions and managing the competition for power, reform of the security sector, and weakness of institutions related to land management. The book explores how the sub-region, under the auspices of the regional organization ECOWAS, has become a pioneer on the continent in terms of addressing regional challenges.The Challenge of Stability and Security in West Africa also identifies key lessons in the dynamics of resilience in the face of political violence and civil war drawn from Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, that can be useful for countries around the world in similar situations. It incorporates knowledge and findings from leading experts and provides insights from academics and development practitioners. Finally, the book identifies possible policy and programmatic responses and directions for policy dialogue at the national and international levels.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This policy note provides an initial assessment of Libya's labor market and discusses policy options for promoting employability as part of a broader jobs strategy. It is intended as a contribution to evidence on Libya's labor market for the benefit of policy makers, civil society and the broader international community.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This report focuses on the decarbonization aspects of green growth, looking at the planning instruments, policy mix, and financial structure that can help deliver what is needed to keep warming as close as possible to 2°C above pre-industrial levels.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The report examines recent trends in Croatia in trade, productivity, innovation performance and policy governance framework, to help identify priorities for the development of the country's Smart Specialization Strategy, which is an ex-ante conditionality for access to the EU's Structural and Investment Funds over the 2014-20 programming period.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Tanzania aims to reach middle income status by 2025. Since the country's economic growth will increasingly require workforce with postsecondary training and skills, the education system needs to close systemic gaps and inefficiencies at the root of its current undeperformance.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - For Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic-Central America-free trade agreement (CAFTA-DR) has been more than a trade agreement. Costa Rica has used trade liberalization and promotion of international trade as a core development strategy for decades. CAFTA-DR consolidated benefits that had previously been unilaterally extended under the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) into a multilateral FTA, providing a much more stable environment for trade relationships. Beyond just being a trade agreement, CAFTA-DR brought about the opening of state monopolies in telecommunications and insurance, which polarized the country. No other trade agreement has generated as much controversy as this one about the potential impacts on the economy. Following a referendum with a small margin in favour of the agreement, Costa Rica was the last member country to ratify CAFTA-DR in 2009. Given the controversy at the time, the current study takes stock of the early impacts of CAFTA-DR during the five years since its ratification, addresses the following questions: What actual changes did the agreement bring about and what was their context What was the impact of those changes on trade and FDI flows How have the high tech, insurance, telecommunications, and pharmaceutical sectors been impacted.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Global growth is expected to be 2.8 percent in 2015, but is expected to pick up to 3.2 percent in 2016-17. Growth in developing countries and some high-income countries is set to disappoint again this year. The prospect of rising borrowing costs will compound the challenges many developing countries are facing as they adapt to an era of low commodity prices. Risks to this outlook remain tilted to the downside.This edition of Global Economic Prospects includes two Special Features that analyze the policy challenges raised by the two transitions in developing countries: the risks associated with the first U.S. central bank interest rate increase since 2006 and the implications of persistently low commodity prices for low-income countries.Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on developing countries, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). The January edition includes in-depth analyses of topical policy challenges faced by developing countries while the June edition contains shorter analytical pieces.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The need for safety nets in Sub-Saharan Africa is vast. In addition to being the world's poorest region, Sub-Saharan Africa is also one of the most unequal. In this context, redistribution must be seen as a legitimate way to fight poverty and ensure shared prosperity " and all the more so in countries where growth is driven by extractive industries that are not labor-intensive and often employ very few poor people. Given that most African countries face difficult decisions about how to allocate limited resources among a number of social programs, evidence is important. Do Safety Net programs actually benefit the poorest people This book demonstrates with empirical evidence that it is possible to reach the poorest and most vulnerable people with safety net programs, and provides lessons for the effective use of targeting methods to achieve this outcome in the region.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - After nearly a quarter century of implementing universal coverage reforms, it is apt to take stock of how well the region has fared. This volume reviews progress in reducing inequalities in health outcomes, service utilization, and financial protection, and assesses the common trends emerging from these reforms.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Over the last decade, the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region has experienced a steady decline in poverty rates. This trend has been accompanied by strong income growth of the bottom 40 percent, which is the World Bank Group's indicator for measuring shared prosperity. Nonetheless, further poverty reduction and steady income growth of the bottom 40 percent face challenges as LAC has witnessed both a slowdown of economic activity and a decline in the pace of inequality reduction. This book recognizes that the emphasis on improving the welfare of the less well-off in LAC requires transformational policies that restore growth and preserve macroeconomic stability, while at the same time reinforcing the ability of the less advantaged groups to participate in and contribute to growth.This book unpacks the trends and drivers of poverty reduction and shared prosperity in eleven LAC countries while also discussing the sustainability of development patterns at the country level. An overview chapter takes a comprehensive look at the heterogeneity of social outcomes and development challenges across this region of the world. Drawing upon the country chapters, four policy areas emerge which are relevant for reinforcing the links between growth and equity in LAC: equitable and sustainable fiscal and macroeconomic policies; fair and accountable public institutions capable of delivering quality basic services; accessible and competitive markets; and (4) adequate risk management.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Les marchés fonciers urbains et périurbains des villes d'Afrique de l'Ouest en expansion rapide opèrent dans des contextes où coexistent des régimes fonciers différents et où les procédures d'accès aux terrains sont complexes. Un cadre d'analyse faisant défaut jusqu'ici, ce livre propose une approche systémique et l'applique à la zone urbaine et périurbaine de Bamako et à son hinterland rural. La méthode repose sur une analyse des différentes filières d'approvisionnement en terres et identifie, depuis la mise en circulation des terres agricoles pour répondre aux besoins en terrains à usage résidentiel, les changements de tenure et types de transactions qui accompagnent le passage aux terrains urbains, ainsi que les interactions entre les différentes filières. L'analyse montre que l'approvisionnement en terre est à l'origine assurée par la filière coutumière, qui prédomine dans les zones périurbaines, et par la filière publique et parapublique où l'État alloue des terrains à usage d'habitation aux individus ou les cède à des sociétés de promotion foncière et immobilières. Ces filières alimentent la filière privée formelle qui met ensuite sur le marché, à des prix élevés, des parcelles viabilisées avec titre de propriété. Les parcelles peuvent être cédées successivement, avec un degré d'informalité qui dépend de la tenure, de la légalité de la transaction et de son enregistrement. Alors que le développement du marché formel est entravé par des facteurs structurels, le marché foncier informel offre peu de sécurité.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - La connaissance remplaçant progressivement les matières premières et la main-d'uvre en tant que ressource clé du développement économique, la disponibilité de savoirs et savoir-faire humains est cruciale pour déterminer le taux de développement économique d'un pays et sa compétitivité sur le marché international. L'utilisation croissante de la capacité nationale d'évaluation a permis aux ministères de l'Éducation de décrire les niveaux nationaux des acquis des élèves dans les principales disciplines et de comparer ceux des principaux sous-groupes (tels que les garçons et les filles, les groupes ethniques, les élèves des milieux urbains et ruraux, et ceux des établissements publics et privés). Cela leur a également fourni des données probantes pour confirmer ou réfuter les affirmations d'amélioration ou de dégradation des normes de performance des élèves dans le temps. En dépit de l'accroissement de l'activité d'évaluation, la valeur potentielle des données fournies par les évaluations est encore mal reconnue, et les compétences requises pour mener une évaluation techniquement solide continuent à manquer. Lorsque les pays réalisent une évaluation nationale ou participent à une évaluation internationale, l'information ainsi recueillie n'est pas souvent complètement exploitée.Évaluer les niveaux nationaux de performance dans l'éducation décrit les objectifs et les caractéristiques des évaluations nationales ainsi que les questions liées à la conception, la mise en uvre, l'analyse et la production des rapports. Ce volume décrit également les principales évaluations internationales, régionales et nationales dans un grand nombre de pays.Cet ouvrage sera d'un intérêt certain pour les pouvoirs publics nationaux, régionaux et étatiques, les institutions de recherche et les universités.…