Spectra for the Identification of Additives in Food Packaging

This new book on additives used in plastics for food contact, can be seen as a companion to the 1993 publication Spectra for the Identification of Monomers in Food Packaging [1, 2]. That earlier book presented information on monomeric substances listed in Directive 901128/EEC [3], which restricts the range of monomers and other starting substances that can be used for the production of plastics materials and articles intended for food contact applications. As a logical supplement to the collection of monomers and other starting substances, the preparation of a reference collection and a Handbook of analytical data of additives was undertaken with funding from The European Commission under the Standards Measurements and Testing programme. We then give a collection of spectra for the identification of 100 of the most important additives used in plastics packaging and coatings. Infra-red (FT-IR) and mass spectra (MS) are presented, as in the monomers book, but we have extended the scope to include proton nuclear magnetic resonance eH-NMR) spectra and gas-chromatographic (GC) data. Legal Framework The Commission of the European Communities provides in Synoptic Document N. 7 [4] a provisional list of additives used for the production of food contact plastics. This Synoptic Document anticipates a Directive on additives for food contact plastics. One hundred of the most important additives were selected from this provisional list after extensive consultation with researchers in the field and with representatives from European industry (Food Contact Additives Panel (FCA) sector group of the European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC).

Acids, fatty (C14-C18), alkyl (C14-C18) ester.- Acrylic acid, 2-tert-butyl-6-(3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)-4-methylphenyl ester.- Adipic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester.- Adipic acid, dibutyl ester.- Alkyl (C10-C13)benzenesulphonic acid, sodium salt.- Alkyl (C10-C20)sulphonic acid, esters with phenols.- Azelaic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester.- Azelaic acid, bis(6-methylheptyl) ester.- 2,5-Bis(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl)thiophene.- N,N?-Bis(3-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) hydrazide.- Bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite.- Bis(4-ethylbenzylidene) sorbitol.- N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)alkyl(C8-C18)amine.- N, N?-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)lauramide.- 2,4-Bis(octylmercapto)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl-anilino)-1,3,5-triazine.- 2,4-Bis(octylthiomethyl)-6-methylphenol.- Bisphenol A.- tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole.- Citric acid, triethyl ester.- Dibenzothiazyl disulphide.- 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.- 3,5-Di-tert-buty 1-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, monoethyl ester, calcium salt.- 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone.- 4,4?-Dihydroxybenzophenone.- Di-n-octyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl mercaptoacetate).- Di-n-octyltin bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate).- N, N?-Diphenylthiourea.- Dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid.- Erucamide.- 2-Ethoxy-2?-ethyloxanilide.- Ethylbenzene.- N,N?-Ethylenebisstearamide.- Ethyleneglycol bis(3,3-bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)butyrate).- 2-Ethylhexanoic acid.- Gallic acid, propyl ester.- Glycerol monooleate.- Glycerol monostearate.- Glycerol triacetate.- 1,6-Hexamethylene bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide).- 1,6-Hexamethylene bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate).- 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester.- 2-(2-Hydroxy-3,5-bis(l, l-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl) benzotriazole.- 2-(2-Hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole.- 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-succinic acid, dimethyl ester, copolymer.- 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone.- 2-(2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole.- 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone.- 2,2?-Methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol).- 2,2?-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol).- 2,2?-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol).- Monochlorobenzene.- 1-Octadecanol.- Octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate.- Oleamide.- Hydrocarbon waxes, paraffin and microcrystalline (hydrogenated).- Pentaerytritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate).- 2-Phenylindole.- Phosphoric acid, diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl ester.- Phosphoric acid, tributoxyethyl ester.- Phosphoric acid, tributyl ester.- Phosphoric acid, triisobutyl ester.- Phosphoric acid, triphenyl ester.- Phosphoric acid, tris(2-ethylhexyl) ester.- Phosphorous acid, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) ester.- Phosphorous acid, tri(nonyl-and/or dinonylphenyl) ester.- Phthalic acid, benzyl butyl ester.- Phthalic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester.- Phthalic acid, dibutyl ester.- Phthalic acid, dicyclohexyl ester.- Phthalic acid, diethyl ester.- Phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester.- Phthalic acid, diisodecyl ester.- Phthalic acid, diisononyl ester.- Phthalic acid, diisooctyl ester.- Phthalic acid, dimethyl ester.- Polydimethylsiloxane.- Polyethyleneglycol ether of tallow fatty alcohol.- Polyethylene propylene)glycol.- Polyolefins.- Poly[6-[(l, 1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)amino]-l,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl]-[(2,2,6,6-tertramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino]hexamethylene[(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imono].- Sebacic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester.- Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester.- Sorbitan monolaurate.- Sorbitan monooleate.- Sorbitan monostearate.- Stearamide.- Stearic acid, butyl ester.- Stearic acid, esters with pentaerytritol.- Stearoylbenzoylmethane.- Sulphosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt.- Tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)-4,4?-biphenylylene diphosphonite.- 4,4?-Thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol).- Thiodiethanol bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyï-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate).- Thiodipropionic acid, didodecyl ester.- Thiodipropionic acid, ditetradecyl ester.- Triethyl acetylcitrate.- Triethyleneglycol bis(3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate).- 1,1,1-Trimethylolpropane.- 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene.- 1,3,5-Tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-l,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(lH,3H,5H)-trione.- in CAS number order.- Polymer abbreviations.