Spectroscopic Tricks

This is the third volume of the collection of new devices, modifications of existing equipment, and other items of interest of this nature published in the journal Applied Spectroscopy. These tricks have proved of value since they first appeared in the journal in 1959. They give solutions to many problems of workers in the var­ ious fields of spectroscopy. For the novice, the use of ali three vol­ umes may provide insight into the improvements that have been made in the instruments and techniques that he is currently using. The novice may be saved the necessity of discovering some shortcut that many experienced spectroscopists are already using. The contributions in this third volume are selected from the years 1970 through 1973. The subject arrangement is the same as in Volumes 1 and 2 according to the area of spectroscopy. Those tricks concerned with the same device are placed together so that the reader can easily compare them. To maintain the advantages in­ herent in a single collection of contributions, the subject index for this volume is cumulative including the tricks in the previous vol­ umes. Both author and journal indices are provided for this vol­ ume, the latter citing the original Applied Spectroscopy citation. The use of the contributions has been approved by the So­ ciety for Applied Spectroscopy, whose cooperation in this matter is gratefully acknowledged.

1.1 Rapid and Inexpensive Sampling Technique for Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Thin Films.- 1.2 A Computer-Controlled Sampler for Atomic Flame Spectroscopy.- 1.3 The Preparation of Metal Ingots for Use as Chemical and Spectrographic Standards.- 1.4 Qualitative Analysis of Precipitates by Graphite Filter Methods.- 1.5 An Improved Spectrographic Evaporating Dish.- 1.6 A Rotating-Disk Sample Holder for the Sparking of Flat-Metal-Disk Samples.- 1.7 Vented Cupped Electrodes.- 1.8 Suggestions and Comments on: “Vented Cup Electrodes.”.- Reply to Dr. Marling.- 1.9 A Cylindrical Sector Driven by Either Water or Air.- 1.10 A Symmetrical Cylindrical Rotating Step Sector.- 1.11 Prevention of Laser Microprobe Staining of Analyzed Metals.- 1.12 A Simple Multiport Atomic Absorption Burner Head.- 1.13 Modification of a Commercial Carbon Rod nameless Atomizer to Accept Graphite Tubes.- 1.14 Tuning Stubs as an Aid to Coupling RF Energy to Electrode-less Discharge Lamps.- 1.15 A Compact Gas Jet for Optical Emission Spectroscopy.- 1.16 Electrode Heater.- 1.17 A Simple Modification of a Flame Photometer for Routine Trace Potassium Analysis.- 1.18 Mounting for New Safety Door for Perkin-Elmer Model 303 Atomic Absroption Spectrophotometer.- 1.19 Selective Filtration in Optical Emission Spectroscopy.- 1.20 Simple Inexpensive Method of Time Resolved Spectroscopy.- 1.21 Photoelectric Time Differentiation in Laser Microprobe Optical Emission Spectroscopy.- 1.22 A Photographic Plate Processing System.- 1.23 A Microphotometer Digital Readout System.- 2.1 Microsampling for Infrared and Emission Analyses.- 2.2 Cold Pressing Solid Samples in a Wax Disk for Far Infrared Analysis.- 2.3 A Manual Rectangular KBr Pellet Press.- 2.4 An Improved Infrared Microcell.- 2.5 Infrared Cells for Salt Solutions.- 2.6 Far Infrared Sealed Liquid Cell with Polyethylene Windows.- 2.7 An Inert Infrared Cell for Measuring Quantitative Solution Spectra of Carbonium Ions and Other Reactive Species.- 2.8 A Simple Evacuable, Double-Beam Infrared Hot Cell Assembly.- 2.9 A Novel Infrared Gas Cell.- 2.10 A Diamond-Window Infrared Short Path Length Cell for Corrosive Liquids.- 2.11 A New Gasketing Technique for Studies with the High-Pressure Diamond Anvil Cell.- 2.12 The Application of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Monitoring Rates of Deposition of High Temperature Species in Matrix Isolation Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy.- 2.13 Internal Reflectance Spectroscopy. III. Micro Sampling.- 2.14 Infrared Spectra of Deuterated Solvents.- 2.15 Measurement of Aqueous Solution Temperatures in Infrared Spectroscopy.- 2.16 Ultrahigh Sensitivity Detection System for Far Infrared Spectrophotometers.- 2.17 Derivative Traces in Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy.- 2.18 On Resolution Enhancement of Line Spectra by Deconvolution.- 2.19 Negative Skin Sensitization Text with KRS-5.- 3.1 Trapping Volatiles from GLC for Injection into a Mass Spectrometer.- 3.2 A Simple System for Transferring Air-Sensitive Compounds into Capillaries from Schlenk Tubes.- 3.3 Construction of a Leak-Inlet System for the LKB 9000 Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer.- 4.1 A New NMR Microtechnique.- 4.2 A Nonbreakable Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Sample Container for Radioactive Materials.- 4.3 A Convenient Device for Removing Dissolved Oxygen from NMR Samples.- 4.4 A Method for Capping Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Tubes.- 4.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Tube Washer.- 5.1 Sampling Techniques for Raman Spectroscopy of Minerals.- 5.2 Aluminum Metaphosphate as a Hydrofluoric Acid Resistant Raman Cell Materials.- 5.3 A Cell for Resonance Raman Excitation with Lasers in Liquids.- 5.4 Multiple Sampling Raman Cold Cell.- 5.5 A Windowless Cell for Laser-Raman Spectroscopy of Molten Fluorides.- 5.6 A Laser-Raman Cell for Pressurized Corrosive Gas and Liquids.- 5.7 Thermostating Capillary Cells for a Laser-Raman Spectrophotometer.- 5.8 Low Temperature Cell for Measurement of Raman Spectra.- 5.9 Variable Temperature Sample Holder for Raman Spectroscopy.- 5.10 A Furnace for Molten Salt Raman Spectroscopy to 800°C.- 5.11 A Simple Furnace for Obtaining High Temperature Raman Spectra.- 5.12 Modification of a Commercial Argon Ion Laser for Enhancement of Gas Phase Raman Scattering.- 5.13 Polarized Raman Scattering from Small Single Crystals.- 5.14 On “Scrambler Plates” Used to Depolarize Visible Radiation.- 5.15 On “scrambler Plates” Used to Depolarize Visible Radiation.- 5.16 A Constant Spectral Slit Width Servo.- 5.17 A Method for Eliminating Resonance Fluorescence Effects in Raman Studies of Some High Temperature Vapors: Raman Spectra of BiCl3 from 450 to 800°C.- 5.18 Computer Time Averaging of Laser Raman Spectra for Matrix-Isolated Species.- 6.1 Construction and Use of Reflecting Multiple-Pass Absorption Cells for the Ultraviolet, Visible and Near Infrared.- 6.2 A Long Path Length, Low Temperature Multiple Traversal Cell.- 6.3 Microspectrophotometer Cells of Fused Construction.- 6.4 An Investigational Technique for the Behavior of a Contaminated Optical Surface in the Near Ultraviolet-VisibleNear Infrared.- 6.5 Optimum Reference Wavelength Selection in Multi-Wavelength Spectrophotometry of Turbid Media.- 6.6 Visible Spectroscopy of the Aging Process in Passive N2-CO2-He-Xe Laser Cells.- 7.1 A Simple, Fast Technique for the Sample Preparation of Composite Metal Powders for Analysis by X-Ray Fluorescence.- 7.2 Modified Micro Sample Support for X-Ray Emission Spectrography.- 7.3 An Improved Liquid Cell Cap for X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis.- 7.4 Adaptation of the X-Ray Milliprobe for the Examination of Small Single Crystals Obtained from Lunar Samples.- 7.5 Selected Area X-Ray Luminescence Spectroscopy with the X-Ray Milliprobe.- 8.1 A Dissolving Technique for Thin Platelet Preparation from Bulk Single Crystals.- 8.2 A Simple, Inexpensive, Versatile Optical Bench for Spectroscopic Research.- 8.3 Reduction of Grating Spectrograms.- 8.4 A Simple Method for Reducing Astigmatism from Off-Axis Concave Spherical Mirrors.- 8.5 A Polarization-Independent Pulsed-Laser Energy Monitoring System with Analog Readout.- 8.6 Pen Adaptor for Recording Spectrometers.- 8.7 A Convenient Method for Vacuum Deoxygenation of Electron Spin Resonance Samples.- 8.8 An Internal Standard for Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis Studies of Supported Catalysts.- Applied Spectroscopy Reference Index.- Author Index.- Cumulative Subject Index.