hofstadter chamberlain (3 risultati)

Soft cover. Condizione: Very Good. CHAMBERLAIN, Owen. Example of an Antiproton Nucleon Annihilation , in Physical Review, vol 102 No. 3 pp. 921 923, May 1, 1956. Single issue with original wrappers. Name on front cover, tiny split at bottom of spine, otherwise fine. __+__ Offered with Robert Hofstadter, Elastic Scattering of 188 MeV Electrons from Proton and the Alpha Particle same issue, pp. 851 85.__+__ Offered with Müller and Bahadur, Field Ionization of Gases at a Metal Surface and the Resolution of the Field Ion Microscope , same issue, pp.624-631. Chamberlain provides definitive evidence of the annihilation of a proton, the confirmation of the discovery of the antiproton. Hofstadter calculates the size of a proton. Muller and Bahadur describe the first viewing of an atom. __+__ Owen [as he had everyone call him, students and colleagues alike ] had first become interested in looking for antiprotons during a visit to Brookhaven National Laboratory in the summer of 1953. He thought that antiprotons must exist, but he was really turned on to the chase when he heard that Maurice Goldhaber had bet Hartland Snyder $500 that they did not exist. In an oral history completed in 2000, Owen stated, Well, I have great respect for Maurice Goldhaber as a physicist, and I suspect he made the bet when he was a little drunk, but even when drunk, Maurice Goldhaber is a good physicist. So if someone of the stature of Maurice thought maybe antiprotons didn t exist, then this was a real spur to showing that they did. And I think it was at that moment that I decided: By Jove, this is what I want to do. The experiment itself was simple and elegant. Antiprotons were produced when the proton beam in the Bevatron struck an internal copper target. Since the antiprotons were negatively charged, the machine s magnetic field bent them out of the Bevatron s circular orbit into an external beamline where their charge, momentum, and velocity were measured.After about a month of intermittent data taking, the group was able to report in September 1955 the unambiguous observation of antiprotons. The Nobel Prize followed in 1959. -- Physics Today , 59/8, August 1, 2006, pg 70, obituary for Chamberlain.

1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF MÜLLER'S DESCRIPTION OF THE FIELD ION MICROSCOPE USED IN THE FIRST VIEWING OF AN INDIVIDUAL ATOM. Two other significant papers are included as well: in one, Robert Hofstadter calculates the size of a proton; in the second, Chamberlain and Segrè provide the first definitive proof of antiproton annihilation (and thereby of antiproton discovery). Müller and Bahadur present "one of the most significant microscopy milestones" of the 20th century, "the first images of individual atoms obtained in a field ion microscope" (Miller, Microscopy Milestones, 1). Müller was able to obtain "an atomic image of the surface of a tungsten tip, thus becoming the first person to see atoms" (Bud, Instruments of Science, 385). "For the first time in history, individual atoms and their arrangement on a surface could be seen" (International Institute of Nanotechnology). In this paper, the authors include the first images and detail the field ion microscope that they used. "The field ion microscope employed a very sharp cryogenically cooled probe made of metallic crystal that sensed ions being repelled from an object near the tip of the probe" (History of Physics, The Wenner Collection). Müller and Bahadur were able to view individual atoms "14 years before the scanning transmission electron microscope was able to match this accomplishment" (ibid). ALSO INCLUDED: Robert Hofstadter's paper calculates the size of a proton, puts forth "the first direct evidence that nucleons have a size" and is the work that won him the 1961 Nobel Prize (Watson, The Quantum Quark, 222). Hofstadter and his "colleagues measured the way in which the cross-section depended on the electron scattering angle, showing conclusively that the proton is not a point-like entity, but that it has a finite size" (ibid). ALSO INCLUDED: Owen Chamberlain and Emilio Segrè were awarded the Nobel Prize for the full body of their work presenting "the discovery of the antiproton", this paper being a part of that work (Nobel Prize Committee). CONDITION & DETAILS: First edition in original wraps. Single issue. Lancaster: American Physical Society. Slight wear at the edges of the wraps. Very good condition.

Condizione: VG. Four articles in one complete issue of The Physical Review, volume 102, second series, number 3. May 1, 1956. 4to . Original green printed wraps. articles on pp. 618-623; 624-631; 851-856, 921-22. Complete issue paginated 593-931. VG small ink stain on closed page ends; owner name stamp ( A. Oppenheim) on cover. Light wear on backstrip. Binding secure and text clean.