Tsuda kyuzo (1 risultati)

Z. Immunit.forsch. Orig., 1/4,6. - Jena, Verlag von Gustav Fischer, 1909, 8°, pp.449-612; 741-788, Broschur. First Edition! DIRECT TEMPLATE THEORIES "Bail and Co-workers, 1909-1914. Oskar Bail (1869-1927) spent most of his career at the German University in Prague, where he became chairman of the Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology. In a series of papers published before the First World War, he advanced an instruction theory of antibody formation that would be little improved upon over the next 40 years. This historically important contribution passed almost completely unnoticed by later theorists. Bail and Tsuda were troubled, as were others, by the great number of different side chains demanded by Ehrlich's theory. They suggested that antigen is not destroyed after its interaction with specific antibody but may release the latter and continue its function, which is to bind "natural antibodies" from normal blood, leaving the impress of its specificity upon the latter molecules. Working primarily with cholera vibrios, they pointed out that: 'The reaction product between cholera substance and serum is able itself to function further as antigen, so that the quantitative relationship between the amount of immunizing antigen employed and the amount of antibody finally contained, will also be better understood . . . which of necessity must lead to a new view of antibody formation.' Bail and Tsuda were the first of many believers in the antigen-template theory of antibody formation to draw the obvious conclusion-that the process should work also in vitro, under appropriate conditions, and thus that antibody might be synthesized outside of the body" Indeed, they claimed to have synthesized anticholera antibodies in vitro. As they summarized: "the principal result, the obtaining of a solution specifically active for cholera from a nonspecific normal serum with the help of cholera vibrios, is secure." The theory was further supported and extended by Bail and Rotky in 1913 and by Bail alone in 1914. They held that immunizing antigen persists in the body, it interacts with and impresses its specificity on normal human substances, and then gives these up into the circulation to continue its action, further enhancing the titer of specific antibody." Arthur M. Silverstein, Hist. Immunology (1988), p.67.…