Noor publishing mrz 2017 (116 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book presents a study for speaker recognition rates for speech transmitted through Bluetooth channel as a degraded speech signals, while training phase is made by clean speech. This is based on the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) for feature extraction from the speech. Different approaches for feature extractions was experimented; features from signal, feature from DCT, from signal plus DCT, features from DST, from signal plus DST, DWT of signal, and from signal plus DWT. The book introduces how Neural Network (NN) classification technique is used in the experiment as a classifier. In the training phase of experiments, the MFCCs and polynomial coefficients are estimated to form the feature vectors of the database. In the testing phase, similar features to that used in the training are extracted from the degraded or transmitted samples and used for matching. This book has investigated the process of speaker identification from speech transmitted over Bluetooth system. How the recognition rate for SNR above 0 dB is getting improved, and how the energy compaction property of the DCT allows robust features to be extracted from few samples. 128 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Little is written about Shi'a Imams in English, especially the Imams after al-Sadiq (a) with the exception of the Twelfth Imam, al-Mahdi. This short work sheds some light on the early life of Imam Ali ibn Muhammad al-Hadi from his birth to his appointment and to his displacement to Samarra. It explores some less known aspects of the historical context of his life and especially tries to shed some new light on the topic of Inquisition (al-Mihnah). 56 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Discharge from the desalination plants of Kuwait returns brine of high salinity to the Gulf that contain other contaminants, such as chlorine or chromium, impacting the environment of the coastal region. Conversely, wastewater discharges to the Gulf have low salinity but may drive eutrophication of coastal waters. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a promising source of renewable energy and an emerging membrane-based technology for recovering energy from concentration differences between water streams. The proposed work examines the feasibility of using PRO to generate energy from wastewater and desalination plants in Kuwait by calculating the power density using a PRO zero-dimensional model. 60 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Nowadays efforts have been made to determine environmental stresses that most limit productivity and plants yield in arid and semi-arid zones. Water scarcity is increasing due to increasing population pressure and intensive use of natural resources. Cactus is ideal for responding to drought and has successfully grown in inappropriate soils which are inadequate for other crops because it can survive under drought conditions and high temperatures. Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) is an edible cactus plant that grows in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. We can call prickly pear cactus a super-food, cactus is a good source of several important minerals and recognized as valuable sources of nutraceuticals. The great number of potentially active nutrients and their multifunctional properties make cactus pear perfect candidates for the production of health-promoting food and food supplements with particular emphasis in its use as food, forage production and medicine.We can call the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) plant: A plant for the future. As we gain new information, our concepts are constantly evolving. We hope this will be one aspect of benefit for humanity. 52 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This laboratory manual of physical chemistry has been written to the use of B. Sc. Students of various Universities. The main features of the book lies in that it serves as a text on the experiment of physical Chemistry and provides both theoretical and experimental approaches to the subject in a simple manner. I hope that the book will continue to serve the needs of the students community. Those studying for their Bachelor's degree in Physical Chemistry . As the accuracy of the results largely depends upon the accuracy of weights, volumetric glassware and the solution used. The author has tried her best to give representative experiments on almost all aspects of common branches of the subject within the available space. A large number of tables of physical constants have also been given in the end of the book. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. O. P. Pandey and my colleagues of the subject for the valuable suggestions, whose book have been freely consulted for the compilation of the work. 100 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book Soil and Water Pollution, Sources and Remedies Processes is a review that contain some aspect of soil and water polution their souces and how to appropriately tackled some of these problems. An outlook of the current trends in the contamination of soil and water both for domestic and agricultural uses.The author is highly indebted to all those whose materials where consulted while writting this review and all those that contributed to the reality of this work. Special thanks goes to NOOR PUBLISHING for their effort towards a successful completion of this book. 56 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The focus of this book is to consider ceramics used in biomedical applications, now generally referred to as bioceramics and their applications in the repair and reconstruction of diseased or damaged body parts. Most clinical applications of bioceramics relate to the repair of the skeletal system, comprising bone, joints, and teeth, and to augment both hard and soft tissue. The most common bioceramics used in bone tissue applications is calcium phosphate that has been widely used for the regeneration of bone tissue because of their ability to induce osteoblastic differentiation in progenitor cells. To restore skeleton function in the field of orthopedic and oral-maxillofacial surgery, bone tissue regeneration remains an important challenge. Therefore, this book will highlight summary of bioceramic classifications and properties particularly biodegradability, bioactivity, biocompatibility, surface properties, mechanical properties, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity and porosity which are crucial for the bone tissue substitutes application of the bioceramic materials. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Efficacy and safety of anticancer drugs are traditionally studied using cancerous cell lines and animal models. Recently, one of the potential anticancer agents, JQ1 an inhibitor of bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) protein, has been shown to promote apoptosis of cancerous cells by arresting them in G1 phase of the cell cycle. However, JQ1's effect on normal cells is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the safety of JQ1 by using human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as an in vitro model system. Our results indicated that JQ1 induced cell cycle arrest of MSCs in G1 phase, but did not promote apoptosis. Microarray analysis of MSCs treated with JQ1 indicated that it down-regulated genes involved not only in cell cycle regulation but also DNA replication, mitosis, and cell division. These findings suggest that JQ1 has a deleterious effect on normal cells and may not be safe for anticancer therapy. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Hundreds of plants are known to be useful in treating diabetes in different corners of the world. These species may represent a source of new hypoglycemic compounds for developing better remedies to treat diabetic patients without serious side effects. It is well established that diabetes is associated with low level of antioxidants and many plants show hypoglycemic property due to their antioxidant potential. In Yemen Acalypha fruticosa is used by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria as well as other diseases such as Anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, antibacterial, Skin diseases, and for healing wounds. This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Acalypha fruticosa. Many traditional plant treatments for diabetes mellitus are used throughout management of diabetes without any side effect is still a challenge to the medical system, this has led to an increasing demand for natural product with anti-diabetic activity and fewer side effect. It was found that many herbs and plant product have been shown to have hypoglycemic action. 88 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The objective of this project was to investigate the developmental regulation of cell wall components and development of leaves of Capsicum frutescens. In order to this, a growth curve was constructed of lengths and widths of fifty Capsicum frutescens leaves measured until growth had stopped (20 days). From the curve, four developmental stages were selected and harvested for further study. Cell wall proteins from each developmental stage were then extracted. The protein concentration present in each selected stage was then calculated from a Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) standard curve. Then an immunological (Immunodot Blots) study was carried out to detect various cell wall associated epitopes present in the extracts. 84 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Prayer purifies hearts from the filth of sins. It opens the gate of treasures of the unseen world. Prayer is the greatest and the most significant acts of worship. Its core is submission and humility. The heart of the prayer is to turn to Allah with submissiveness, and devotion. If you want an accepted prayer and to raise its worth higher, then strive for performing it at its time, and with all of its pillars, whilst facing your Lord with humility. In fulfilling all the requirements of prayer, you will feel that you are starting to smell the fragrance of happiness, and to sip the nectar of contentment and tranquility, and it is only at that time that you will realize the secret behind the Prophet's saying: ( ) 'The delight of my eye has been placed in the prayer.' Prayer is the comfort of the soul and the peace of the mind. It pours in the soul of the Muslim a great degree of satisfaction and serenity. This degree depends on how much you are humble before Allah. Indeed, Prayer is the ascending of the Muslim to heaven. 72 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -St. Paul monastery is located south-east of St Antony monastery, on Galala mountains (was known as Cells Mountain to minimize the spread of thousands of times in the past, will rise by the Monastery of St. Paul (244 m) above sea level) . It was built in the last quarter of the 4th century over the cave of St. Paul. Monks built a church and then the monastery in the last quarter of the 4th century over the cave where St. Paul had set for eighty years before his death (341). Monks who settled there during fifty years (This site represents one of the monks groupings in Egypt, where a model of bachomian living (Joint), which originated by St. Bakhumeos). This research is important in addressing urban planning aspects of the study, and includes the descriptive study of the architectural buildings, analytical study and architectural elements and the Stages undergone urban planning. The objective of this study to highlight the evolution of the Urban planning of the monastery, and its architectural elements through the Islamic age. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In these days of globalization and open market, the need and demand for learning English have become much more than ever before. So, all of us should know English well so as to communicate with the world's people as English is a very common and popular international lingua franca. Though English has a number of varieties, even it can also vary dramatically within countries, two of it - British English (BrE) and American English (AmE) - are the well-liked and widely used by the people of the world. But it is very unfortunate that we often notice there are even some people who often misuse as well as misunderstand British and America English. British English, usually the 'Standard form' refers to the Queen's English, the BBC English, the Oxford English or the Received Pronunciation. Although American English is the language of the U.S. people, it has lately got more influence in the world affairs because of the fall of the then USSR and as an impact of globalization. The differences between the two variants are not a lot but minimum. Since a comprehensive study or survey has not yet been done, we can distinguish them from a few points of view i.e. spelling, vocabulary, pronun 84 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Over the past few decades, orthogonality in special spaces has been developed into an important eld of study in mathematics. The main purpose of this book is to present many of the results and generalizations of this concept. Of course, not all aspects of this concept could be included in this exposition. The book contains four chapters. The rst chapter is devoted to some of the basic results of nonlinear functional analysis. In Chapter 2, we consider orthogonality in normed spaces and operator norm attainment in inner product spaces. This includes the most recent work in the literature. We answer to this question, whether a linear map which approximately preserves orthogonality must be close to an orthogonality preserving one in chapter 3. Our treatment of the main subject in the book are in Chapter 4. In this chapter, we give new generalizations of the orthogonality concept. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Clay of the Middle Atlas Mountains region, Fes, Morocco, called locally Ghassoul, was used to investigate the removal of cationic dyes and heavy metals ions from aqueous solutions with respect to several experimental conditions. Kinetic study revealed that dyes and metal ions uptake was fast with 90% or more of the adsorption occurring within first 20 min of contact time. Adsorption rate increased with the increasing initial dyes and metal ions concentrations and the sorption rate could be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order rate model. The data according to mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion models confirmed diffusion of solutes inside the clay particles as the rate-controlling step and more important for the adsorption rate than the external mass transfer. The suitability of the adsorbent was tested by fitting the adsorption data with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameters including the Gibbs free energy (DeltaG), enthalpy (DeltaH), and entropy (DeltaS) changes indicated that the present adsorption process was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic. 52 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Over 50% of RPL cases are with unknown etiologies. Recurrent Pregnancy Loss affects around 5% of pregnant women. The effect of PD-1.1, PD-1.3, and PD-1.5 polymorphisms on the risk of RPL in the Palestinian population has not been explored before. The above mensioned genotypes are expected to be associated with increased risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss or, the opposite, could protect against miscarriage. The prevalence of such polymorphisms will be determined in women suffering from RPL in Gaza strip in this work. 80 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A theoretical model is introduced in this study which is based on two-fluid equations, for either electrons or ions and simplified to the collisionless magnetised plasma regime. In the present work, that the inclusion of electron temperature gradient is essential and must be taken into account in the theory. In addition, the E ×B plasma rotation which arises when a radial electric field exist in an axial magnetic field is included into a theoretical model. The effect of rotation will Doppler shift the drift wave frequency so that plasma rotates as a solid body. The radial plasma density and temperature profiles which are required as input to the theoretical calculation are also presented and displayed. The theoretical model predicts the actual frequency, and the radial fluctuation profiles of the mode and hence, the position of the maximum wave amplitude can be determined. We made a comparison of experimental measurement with the theoretical prediction for radial variation of eigen function of density fluctuation are also presented. The experimental data is obtained from an axial magnetised plasma of Zhang L. (1992) results. 84 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In this monograph I present a method to derive a minimum rank covariance matrix for several continuous variables. The minimum rank problem appears in many areas of multivariate analysis as well as in many applications of multivariate analysis such as in biology, medicine, psychology, pharmacology, and machine learning. The method seems to be extremely powerful and enjoys many optimal properties. It is a non-linear distribution-free method that encompases under its umberla major topics such as Factor Analysis, Principal Componens Analysis, MDS, and Multiple Regression. The monograph is composed of two papers, the first of which sets the foundations and the theoratical basis for developing the underlying theory. It also presents several applications of the method. As for the second paper, it includes several examples of a completely different type of applications of the method. In these applications values of interactions are derived from only binary data such as low and high levels of interaction among pairs of objects. The key in all these applications is the low rank property of the covariance matrix which is the criterion for optimality of the method. 60 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Objective: To identify effect of ethyl alcohol extract of three plants, Cimetidine and Albendazole drugs in Hydatid Cysts disease in vitro and in vivo. Result: The median lethal dose (LD50) for (Peganum harmala seeds,Zizyphus spina-christi and Olea europaea leaves) was estimated (487.5,4000,3500) mg/kg receptively. In vivo, the effect of ethyl alcohol extracts of Peganum harmala seeds in different doses(30,60) mg/kg and Cimetidine (3,6) mg/kg was studied on secondary hydatidosis in laboratory 60 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Studying abroad is common practice to gain intercultural understanding, learn new language of host country and at the end complete a degree. In Malaysia, many private and public universities have massive enrolment of international students coming from Arab, African and Asian countries. In Malaysia, the native language is Bahasa Melayu and English is used as a second language. Many universities in Malaysia use English as medium of instruction. International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) is one of them and the university has enrolment of international students from all over the world. The problem is a lot of international and local students at the university struggle in oral English communication. This book is important to understand students' perceptions regarding the challenges of English oral communication on campus. 76 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Little is known regarding the relations of the cerebral parts with their cranial covering. Lack of anatomical brain topography may increase complication rates of the neurosurgery. Proper craniotomy of the brain lesion and correct interpretation of the gyral structures under the craniotomy site is one of the most important steps in successful surgery. Therefore, this book is especially aimed to develop methods of building up the knowledge about cortical areas with their bone relationships to develop a science of the surface anatomy for the cortical functional areas and the superficial structures -in addition- to develop a manual neurosurgical access by using the bony landmarks and craniometrical points. 116 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The aim of this book is to evaluate seismic performance of existing low-to-mid-rise Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame buildings. The buildings, which consist of 4, 6, 8, and 10 stories, are designed according to British standard code (BSI) and American code (ACI).Pushover analysis has been performed according to FEMA-356 guidelines;the pushover analysis is used.The lateral load patterns for pushover analysis are selected as the Regulations for earthquake resistant design of building in Egypt, 1988; these regulations have been prepared by the Egyptian Society for Earthquake Engineering (ESEE) and International Building Code (IBC 2012). Results showed that the buildings designed considering the ESEE and IBC 2012 loads were found adequate. On the other hand, the building designed according to (ESEE using BSI) satisfies the Immediate Occupancy (IO) acceptance criteria according to ATC-40.The comparison of the pushover curve shows that the stiffness of frame is larger in (ESEE using BSI) compared to the (IBC2012 using ACI) design.This means that (ESEE using BSI) design has a greater capability to resist lateral load than the (IBC2012 using ACI) design. 116 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -L'humanité est aujourd'hui confrontée à un problème énergétique sans précédent : répondre aux besoins de 6,7 milliards d'humains tout en préservant l'environnement. Ensemble, mettons toute notre énergie au service de la planète, de son avenir et des générations futures ! Dans le cadre de leur démarche de réduction de la consommation énergétique (notamment d'origine fossile) et à faire face au réchauffement climatique, les entreprises doivent s'orienter vers l'efficacité énergétique et l'optimisation continue de leurs performances environnementales. La norme ISO 50001 pourrait avoir un impact positif sur près de 60 % de la demande énergétique mondiale. En effet, les entreprises cherchent à consommer moins d'énergie, et plus proprement, à la fois pour maîtriser leurs coûts et respecter les réglementations environnementales. Toutes les organisations, qu'elles soient privées ou publiques, grands groupes ou PMEs, sont concernées par les enjeux liés à la maîtrise de leur consommation d'énergie (Efficacité Énergétique) et le respect de l'environnement (Développement Durable). 64 pp. Französisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book shows how Problem Based Learning (PBL) can be implemented in teaching/ learning English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in tertiary education. PBL is a methodology that originated in medicine in 1963, in Canada and proliferated into other fields. It is epistemologically sound/ based on recognized learning theories. In the literature, it has been reported that the approach enhances learner autonomy, motivation, memory work, cognitive skills and learner strategies. In this work, we contend that thanks to this approach, the ESP learner can develop learning skills and strategies and will have the chance to learn language and content using authentic resources in the field of his/her domain in real-life situations. We argue that this may lead to a new approach that we call Problem Based Content and Language Integrated Learning (PBCLIL). This learning process entails a transformation in the macro-methodological and micro-methodological levels, as in Demaizière (1996) that we explain in detail in this work. 208 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -L'intensification de l'élevage avicole dans la région Chaouia Ouardigha au Maroc implique une forte production de fumiers. Ces déjections doivent être assujetties à des stratégies de gestion capables d'optimiser leur utilisation et de tenir compte des enjeux environnementaux. L'objectif de ce travail s'articule autour de 2 axes principaux : L'étude de la distribution spatiale des unités avicoles dans la région et le suivi de l'effet de l'épandage du fumier de poulet de chair sur les propriétés physicochimiques du sol sous culture de maïs fourrager. L'analyse des cartes produites a mis en relief la concentration de l'élevage avicole sur l'axe reliant Settat à Casablanca, aux voisinages des zones industrielles avec abattoirs et à la bande limitrophe des grandes métropoles (Casablanca et Rabat). En ce qui concerne la valorisation des fumiers de poulet, leur épandage à mis en évidence la possibilité de transformer ces déjections solides, considérées comme source de pollution environnementale, en un facteur de production qui peut contribuer à assurer une agriculture durable tout en conservant la qualité des sols agricoles. 84 pp. Französisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book deals with efficiency improvement and measuring of variable speed induction motor drives. Optimized efficiency is achieved by adapting the magnetizing level in the motor according to the load percentage. The study focuses on the efficiency improvement of squirrel cage induction mo-tors fed by SVM-VSI using the loss model method. A new expression for the optimal air gap flux is calculated from adetailed loss model, where motor losses consist of the copper loss, iron loss, friction, windage, stray, and harmonic loss which are represented as function of the air gap flux, including the non-linearity of the magnetizing inductance and the effect of the temperature on the motor parameters (stator and rotor resistances). The proposed loss model is used to improve the efficiency of a speed sensorless indirect field oriented control (IFOC) induction motor. The (IFOC) of an induction motor is sensitive to motor parameter variation. Rotor and stator resistances vary with the motor temperature, and the proposed loss model controller depends on the motor parameters. So an on-line estimation of motor pa-rameters using parameter adaptive observer is used. 108 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Food additives have made up part of our diet since almost as soon as man started to use fire and learnt how to cook. This book was carried out to investigate the safety of some natural and synthetic sources of food additives, which are used in food processing. Stevioside was selected in the present study as a new natural sweetener in Egypt while tartrazine is one of the wide synthetic food colors which are commonly used in several products. All food additives must be kept under continuous observation and must be reevaluated whenever necessary in the light of changing conditions of use and new scientific information. 104 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The book is about to determine the release pattern of Ondansetron from bioadhesive polymers. CMC, HPMC and Carbopol were used as polymers. Direct compressed tablets were assessed for physical and chemical testing. The formulations containing carbopol and HPMC presented improved bio-adhesion and in-vitro release. The order of bioadhesion with relative to polymers was as Carbopol 934P HPMC CMC. Formulations A-5, A-10 and A-12 were the optimum as they followed zero order and Higuchi kinetic model presenting sustained release mechanisms as there R2 values are 0.960, 0.985 and 0.984 respectively. 96 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Depletion of conventional fuels, concerns about environmental pollution and the tightening of exhaust emission legislations are the main reasons for increasing research on alternative fuels produced from agricultural feedstock. Biodiesel fuels produced from vegetable oils are investigated as renewable fuels for a gas turbine engine for aviation. The biodiesel fuels were produced using transesterification process and characterized according to ASTM biodiesel specifications. Chemical and physical properties show a real potential of using biodiesel blends as an alternative for JetA-1. The performance characteristics and exhaust emissions of the gas turbine engine are investigated when the engine fueled with various blends of biodiesel/JetA-1 by volume. The measured engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions are compared with that of pure JetA-1 over a range of throttle setting. The experimental results show that biodiesel fuels can be used up to blend of 50% with JetA-1 in gas turbine engines with slight enhancement in engine performance and significant improvements in exhaust emissions. 116 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is carried out to understand the effect of positive and negative electronic word of mouth on consumer's purchasing decision of smartphones. 96 pp. Englisch.