scholars' press dez 2016 (106 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The internet is increasingly part of our daily life. Nowadays, people spend much of their time online, whether for leisure or even for academic or professional reasons. We are all networked and this should not be overlooked in the marketing strategies of companies. Advertising, acting as a source of information, knowledge, persuasion, interaction, trust, value and recall of a brand and/or a product/service, should be where the consumers are. Over the years and with the increase of internet users, the investment in online advertising has been, exponentially, growing. This work demonstrate that, in fact, online advertising prepare and is the future of the companies and/or organizations.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -1).A METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIXED AND VARIABLE LENGTH MATRIX COMMUNICATION CODE WITH VARIABLE REDUNDANCY:AN EXTENSION WORK IN THE LIGHT OF HUFFMAN CODE: In this article, Huffman¿s idea has been extended to higher dimensions and magnitudes with greater redundancy (minimum to maximum) in the development of a new communication code. In this code, both coding and decoding are easier in comparison with Huffman code. 2).PATTERN RECOGNITION THROUGH FUZZY LOGIC: Signature verification is a popular problem and the fuzzy approach is one of the existing techniques. The paper presents the concept of authentication by a graphical signature to validate the origin of digital documents. The process consists of encoding, decoding, transmission of data and the comparison of signatures using fuzzy logic. This work presents a methodology for addressing digital handwritten signatures and the authentication of it for validating legal operations. Data authentication is a problem. There remains always a fear that a transaction has been changed. Further, transmitting system may suffer from lossy. These problems can be solved by graphical representation of any figure to be preserved and transmitted.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book addresses the pertinence of setting any specific end goals for economic transition, examines the point at which a transition can be considered to have completed, and provides a brief insight into how the end goal concepts were redefined over time. Key theoretical concepts and a summary on the state of research on political reform sequencing are presented along with some suggestions as to the practicality of opting for one mode of reform optimisation over another. A comparison of the transition processes in Russia and Poland is presented. Attention is devoted to the early period of transformation for both countries, with particular focus paid to the institutional settings in post-Soviet Russia. Some concluding remarks are drawn with regard to the factors that were instrumental in setting the pace for Poland¿s relatively quick and successful transition and the factors which caused Russiäs transition process to be more protracted and complicated.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -A new paradigm of thought and action is needed: society must be at the heart of economics, not vice versa, as dominant culture has asserted in the last forty years. The erosion of social capital leads to that of economic capital, therefore leveraging on social capital is essential to get out of the crisis. Because of the financialization of the economies, attention has shifted to financial markets at the expense of the real economy: the rules of the former, however, are very different from those of the latter. Neoliberalism without ethics means the law of the jungle and an unequal society. The US, where the dominant model is oligarchy, has increasingly distanced itself from European culture and its principles of solidarity. It is no surprise that American society is on the verge of collapse. We therefore must rediscover people as a subject rather than an object, and that the prime mover of history is their emotional nature.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 200 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Vodafone that has recently acquired Hutchison Essar has undergone a massive change. The change is visible in its brand name, marketing strategies, financial structure, management, as well as human resources. This change required huge input from both the sides- the acquiring and the acquired side. The study aims: to study the changes in emotional identification of employees post acquisition, to study the intra component analysis of the parameters of emotional transformations in the employees of the organization after its acquisition, to understand the cultural change in the working environment of Hutchinson-Essar resulting from an acquisition by Vodafone, to find out the factor analysis of the parameters of emotional transformations in the employees of the organization after its acquisition, and to do OCTAPACE profiling in Vodafone after the acquisition of Hutchinson-Essar. The change which was introduced in this organization reflected the theoretical base of Burke-Litwin model.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 108 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Environmental pollution becomes a serious issue in most parts of the world including Ethiopia. Most organizations in Ethiopia give less attention for waste management systems. Leather industries are among these organizations that have problems in waste management systems. It is common to see piling of illegally dumped wastes around rivers and other open spaces. Burning of solid waste is also common event in many areas. There is lack of sanitary land fill to dispose solid wastes. There is no sorting of the solid wastes based on their properties at model tannery. Mixed solid wastes are disposed at open dumping site. After the model tannery has started practicing Kaizen, there are improvements in chemical and waste management systems. As a training and research center, the model tannery has to implement cleaner production systems such as source reduction, green fleshing and other technologies to manage solid wastes in environmentally friendly manner. Since the model tannery at Leather Industry Development Institute(LIDI) provides support to other Ethiopian leather industries, it has to be good model in waste management systems and scale up good experiences to other leather industries.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 100 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The main aim of the research is to develop a remuneration framework for lower level employees in the hotel industry of Namibia. The researcher chose this specific area because of the general perception in Namibia that the workers in the hotel industry are ¿shockingly¿ underpaid, overworked and endure poor working conditions. In addition, the tourism and hospitality sector does not have a minimum wage to act as a guide, to employers when pegging the starting wages and salaries for their employees. This implies that each hotel comes up with its own payment system, which may be very different from what the other hotels of similar size and star grading are offering.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 108 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The Christ plant is a succulent ornamental plant. It gained popularity due its attractive flowers and various landscape uses. Conventional propagation of the Christ plant results a low progeny which hinders its large-scale propagation. Moreover, the slow growing bacteria in its vascular tissues, the low availability of shoot tip as a source of explant material and the production of toxic exudates were common problems for the establishment of aseptic culture. This book presents the reader with detailed information on the large-scale in vitro propagation of the Christ plant using inflorescence explants. Inflorescence reversion, shoot proliferation in bioreactor system, in vitro flowering, rooting and acclimatization in hydroponics and subsequent production of potted flowering plants are described and discussed. It is intended that this book will be of value and interest to all those concerned with commercial propagation of cacti and succulent plant species. In particular, it is directed towards those working in horticulture, plant tissue culture and plant physiology but it is hoped that a wider audience will find much of use in this book.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 108 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The book Fundamentals of Food Service Management focuses on the basic knowledge and skills required for operating the Food Service Industry. It emphasises the hospitality industry that provides catering service, styles and techniques of food and beverage operations and food production unit. This book has three chapters. Chapter one deals with the hotel industry, entertainment venues and food service industry. Chapter two is about the catering establishments, catering service equipment, service preparation, menu and techniques of services. Chapter three describes the kitchen operations, food safety and resource management in the food service industry. This book will serve as a guide for the beginners in the field of Catering Technology, Hospitality Industry and Applied Science in the Technical and Vocational Colleges and Universities.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 100 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -For centuries past to this moment, Man has misconstrued and abused the true role sexual intercourse plays in human relationship. Sexuality is part of human nature, an act and a process that brings harmony, bliss, peace and continuity that add no sorrow to the human race, if timely and soundly used. Unfortunately, indiscriminate sexual practice has plunged the world into sexual immorality and has reduced sex to a tool which generates low self-esteem, lack of purpose, trauma, shame, disgrace and diseases particularly HIV/AIDS that this book highlights. Kenkoh assures his readers that locking the door of sex from HIV/AIDS implies closing the door to any other form of transmission. His sense of humour, creativity, ingenuity and use of analogies and anecdotes are relief paths that give fluidity to the conveyance of lessons or guiding principles on a subject that has ravaged lives, orphaned many and left excruciating pain and trauma, frustration and hardship and sluggish economies, with great world-changing ideas buried in the graves. This will be valuable to families, schools, organisations and agencies providing HIV/AIDS services and sex education.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 128 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Salinity becomes one of the most serious environmental stresses resulting in food insecurity for large populations and obstacle to economic development especially in developing countries. Key to meeting the challenges of productivity and profitability in salt-affected soils is the availability to farmers of high-yielding and well adapted wheat genotypes. This approach is one of the greatest challenges that face the scientists and is of great economic and social importance. Although many claims have been made for the improvement of salinity tolerance through genetic engineering, there have been few if any successful examples of these resulting in increased yields in farmer¿s fields. It is no exaggeration to say that this book presents a number of strategies to facilitate evaluation large number of wheat genotypes to salt tolerance at different growth stages in breeding programs. The book is thus an indispensable resource for scientists, students and others seeking advancements in this area of research.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 144 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book examines the influence of corporate governance practices on financial sustainability of Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) in Central Uganda. unsustainable SACCOs will serve their members today, but they will not serve them tomorrow, because they will be gone. SACCOs are unique, legal member based micro finance institutions (MFIs)and unlike many other micro finance institutions, SACCO owners are also the users of the services that these institutions offer. SACCOs should therefore, be properly managed and controlled, with strong monitoring mechanisms put in place so that they achieve their objectives, grow and survive in the long run.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 224 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Aging is a natural process, whereas old age is arbitrary. Aging need not have primary or single cause. According to Stewart & Senis (1961) 'aging is a collective term for all those progressive deteriorating changes that occur in life with increase in age'. 'The process of aging obviously affects every type of social group and indeed every type of social relationship in all societies' (Goody, 1973). The ageing of populations is on the increase world over in recent times. Advancements in medicare, improvement in living conditions and the general quality of life and effective measures for birth control could be attributed for this emerging global phenomenon. A population is said to be ageing, in demographic terms, when the proportion of the older people increases and the proportion of youth and children decreases.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 172 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book investigated the association between grandparent-grandchild family capital and the self-rated health of older adults in rural China, as well as the mediation role of the grandparent-parent relationship in the association between grandparent-grandchild family capital and self-rated health. The book also discussed the development trajectories of the self-rated health of older rural Chinese adults from the point of view of intergenerational relationship and socio-economic status.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 172 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -By analyzing the formation, properties, and pragmatic uses of the diminutives this book investigates diminutivization in Macedonian and across other languages. At the level of morphology, it is argued that three fundamental semantic constraints underlie the formation of diminutives: [-big], [+ emotional], and [+ informal]. The study further accounts for the rule-governed combinability of Macedonian diminutives and postulates sets of formal semantic constraints for all grades of diminutivization. The pragmatic functions of the diminutives proper and periphrastic diminutives are investigated in a broad variety of contexts and registers, including child-directed speech (CDS) and adult communication. In Macedonian, social bonding, cordiality, intimacy or affection seem to be pragmatically more salient than personal autonomy in the Anglo-Saxon societies, realized through non-imposition, tentativeness, or similar pragmatic strategies for saving face. By offering further evidence towards the systematic and empirical research of diminutives this book may be of interest to scholars of language, students, as well as those interested in cross-cultural studies.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 208 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Why is too difficult to follow up sustainable development in our countries, regions or pilot areas It is ever as incomplete and only taken account a pair of goals. This book show a model of how to do a complete analysis of sustainability in a special area as a Biosphere Reserve. This book have a basic metrics of sustainability as a step for to do analysis in different scales around the World, doing management of data, science and research for decision takers and scientific community. Sustainable development, as the Brundlandt Report statement says, is the requirement to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs; it is the road to do the best advance as humanity of the 21st century. UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere programme, is all about sustainability, in an interdisciplinary approach, and UNESCO biosphere reserves are model regions for sustainable development and we should know how is running, and what we can do for to improve. La Amistad Panama Biosphere Reserve is an outstanding area with beautiful landscape and high biodiversity, but also an area with many poor people that deserve oportunities.VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 300 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Co-operatives originated as a popular response to satisfy the needs of communities living in difficult social and economic conditions in mid-nineteenth century Britain. The British colonial authorities adopted the co-operative model to spur local development in the colonies, making them more productive and less reliant on the British Exchequer. This was how the co-operative model took off in Malta. However, some local communities in Malta appropriated this community-based organisational model in order to suit their own aims. This work explores the learning that goes on inside two community-based rural cooperatives in Malta. What do people learn while participating in the running of the co-op, as elected members of the management committee, as employees or as volunteers What do members, customers, the local community, or policy makers learn from the co-op What do people learn for the co-op That is, how do participants in co-ops learn how to turn co-operation into a political tool that enables them to envision and create alternative communities where they can exert more control over their individual and collective lives VDM Verlag, Dudweiler Landstraße 99, 66123 Saarbrücken 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis currently includes spinal bracing and physiotherapeutic scoliosis specific exercises (PSSE), both of which have level 1 evidence in support of their effectiveness. PSSE includes scoliosis specific exercises and maintenance of corrective movements during daily activities. Active self-correction (ASC) is gaining in importance as the time a patient can spend in exercises is becoming less and less and that poor habitual postures may contribute to progression of curves. The book describes and discusses the corrective movements and ASC in activities of daily living, including standing, sitting, carrying bags, kneeling, sport activities and sleeping and the underlying principles. Despite the lack of strong evidence in support of the role of corrective postures, the consensus among scoliosis experts is that ASC and corrective postures form an integral and important part of the conservative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. 88 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The glycan/glycosaminoglycan glycocalyx around every cell provides a diverse range of recognition motifs which regulate cell behaviour through a variety of linear and branched structures modified with functional groups (sulphation, phosporylation) at variable ring positions. This represents a significant information-dense repository of 'recognition' data encoding a significant level of functional information in what has been termed the glyco-code. Cells can interpret this information in a spatial and temporal manner during tissue morphogenesis. The glyco-code represents an information system rivalling that endoded in RNA/DNA and proteins. With recent advances in glycobiology techniques it is now becoming possible to undertake high throughput analyses to interpret the glyco-code better and insightful information is becoming available of application in repair biology and in strategies to combat viral and bacterial infections. The high precision these techniques provide are now providing the means to answer some important questions in health and disease and will be required to combat the ever increasing impact of such infections in man. 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The internet is increasingly part of our daily life. Nowadays, people spend much of their time online, whether for leisure or even for academic or professional reasons. We are all networked and this should not be overlooked in the marketing strategies of companies. Advertising, acting as a source of information, knowledge, persuasion, interaction, trust, value and recall of a brand and/or a product/service, should be where the consumers are. Over the years and with the increase of internet users, the investment in online advertising has been, exponentially, growing. This work demonstrate that, in fact, online advertising prepare and is the future of the companies and/or organizations. 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There are numerous structural lateral systems used in Skyscraper/High-Rise building design such as Frames with Shear Core, Framed Tubes, Tube in Tube, Super Frames etc. Buildings can be built up to 140 stories/600 meters by the applications of the previous structural concepts. Further the Buttress Core System has been able to reach 163 stories. Author's Structural Concept is able to reach up to 231 stories which will be habitable without any addition lateral supporting system like Outriggers, Belt Truss, Bracings, Dampers etc. thereby reduces the cost at the same time. Author's innovative Structural Arrangement is very efficient for Tall Buildings. If Tuned Mass Damper is introduced, it can make usable floor at 264 stories. Apart from this, Part-2 of this book describes two more concepts, how to reduce the concrete volume (minimum 8%) from the shear walls of Building without affecting the structural integrity & drift (Lateral Displacement). If these two concepts apply to the shear walls of Tall Buildings, percentage of concrete reduction will be more, thereby a lot amount of money can be saved. 184 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book covers a overview of legal problems concerning delay in charterparty contracts. In the book both Voyage and Time charterparties are covered. Specific attention was given to the different stages of the execution of the charterparty contract and the relation to the general concept of delay. An interesting work for those searching for an easy overview of delay in charterparties and the possible solutions for shipowners and other persons of interest. 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book addresses the pertinence of setting any specific end goals for economic transition, examines the point at which a transition can be considered to have completed, and provides a brief insight into how the end goal concepts were redefined over time. Key theoretical concepts and a summary on the state of research on political reform sequencing are presented along with some suggestions as to the practicality of opting for one mode of reform optimisation over another. A comparison of the transition processes in Russia and Poland is presented. Attention is devoted to the early period of transformation for both countries, with particular focus paid to the institutional settings in post-Soviet Russia. Some concluding remarks are drawn with regard to the factors that were instrumental in setting the pace for Poland's relatively quick and successful transition and the factors which caused Russia's transition process to be more protracted and complicated. 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -ASP is also an abbreviation for application service provider. An Active Server Page (ASP) is an HTML page that includes one or more scripts (small embedded programs) that are processed on a Microsoft Web server before the page is sent to the user. An ASP is somewhat similar to a server-side include or a common gateway interface (CGI) application in that all involve programs that run on the server, usually tailoring a page for the user. Typically, the script in the Web page at the server uses input received as the result of the user's request for the page to access data from a database and then builds or customizes the page on the fly before sending it to the requestor. ASP (aka Classic ASP) was introduced in 1998 as Microsoft's first server side scripting language. Classic ASP pages have the file extension .asp and are normally written in VBScript. 68 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major leading causes of cancer-related death. CRC development and progression involves mutational events in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes such as p53. Of note mutant p53 proteins can acquire novel oncogenic functions known as gain of function activities (GOF) favouring in vivo tumour induction. microRNAs are potent regulators of gene expression. Deregulation of microRNAs expression has been found in various cancer types among which CRC, thus, miRNAs may be potential targets for cancer therapy. Our experimental efforts have provided substantial advances in understanding the molecular mechanism by which mutant p53, to inactivate tumor suppressive pathways driven by oncosuppressor microRNAs, globally inhibits microRNA biogenesis in cancer by interfering with Drosha, a key regulator of microRNA biogenesis. Our study will impact on the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms through which mutant p53 exerts its GOF activities, and regulates gene expression, by adding to this puzzle the ability to interfere with miRNA processing. Moreover, the identification of oncosuppressor miRNAs will be relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Changing the banking landscape. New technology is changing the banking activities as we know them. The new era of banking might be on the rise, banking without the traditional bank is becoming a possibility. The only thing which will never change is the need for bank branch, but the branch model will change because of the increased usage of technology in our everyday life. Nevertheless, face to face contact will remain important for certain bank products. 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Africa has been a in a perpetual search of economic development ever since the era of independence. The foreign aid contracted under various forms have failed to bring about economic development due to unbearable constitutionality rendering futile and volatile the foreign Aid.None of the alternatives seem fruitful: The hailed homegrown initiatives meant to offer alternatives in socioeconomic development are shrouded by inherent obstacles slowing down economic growth processes. Foreign Aid remain undesirable due to its inability to eradicate poverty despite laudable economic impact it can bring in some selected cases. The governmental organizations have done much to reduce vulnerability in their relief services delivery but, Africa needs more than that.Social entrepreneurship was seen as one of the way out due to their ability to blend for profit and non profit in creating value through their new technological innovation in service delivery despite the fact that Africa needs real infrastructural investment. Public-Private partnerships is here described as a way to go,a possible way out towards economic development of Africa. 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -1).A METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FIXED AND VARIABLE LENGTH MATRIX COMMUNICATION CODE WITH VARIABLE REDUNDANCY:AN EXTENSION WORK IN THE LIGHT OF HUFFMAN CODE: In this article, Huffman's idea has been extended to higher dimensions and magnitudes with greater redundancy (minimum to maximum) in the development of a new communication code. In this code, both coding and decoding are easier in comparison with Huffman code. 2).PATTERN RECOGNITION THROUGH FUZZY LOGIC: Signature verification is a popular problem and the fuzzy approach is one of the existing techniques. The paper presents the concept of authentication by a graphical signature to validate the origin of digital documents. The process consists of encoding, decoding, transmission of data and the comparison of signatures using fuzzy logic. This work presents a methodology for addressing digital handwritten signatures and the authentication of it for validating legal operations. Data authentication is a problem. There remains always a fear that a transaction has been changed. Further, transmitting system may suffer from lossy. These problems can be solved by graphical representation of any figure to be preserved and transmitted. 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Prostatic cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in males in many parts of the world, and the second most common non-skin cancer in males. The prevalence of prostatic cancer is doubled in the presence of prostatic enlargement, but the relationship remains unclear. The strong relationship between prostatic cancer and non-modifiable risk factors, ethnicity, age and a positive family history sets them as potential risk factors for the development of a malignant disease. History of diabetes or hypertension is not associated with prostatic cancer among patients with prostatic enlargement. Neither a high PSA level plus an advanced age nor a high PSA level plus advanced symptoms are sufficient to expect the presence of prostatic cancer with certainty. Most Sudanese patients present at a late stage regardless of their educational background and severity of symptoms. Hence all elderly patients with the mildest lower urinary tract symptoms must undergo documentation for the nature of their prostatic disease. Also, more attention should be given to patients at advanced ages and a positive family history of prostatic cancer. 72 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Water purity in some regions in World and its deficiency in other areas represent a dramatic arising problem, so saving a drop of water saving a life! Great losses of concentrate water and so rich nutrients in RO desalination plants; which requires economic strategies for these by products recovery and so saving water from drainage. This work which was done in National research centre in Egypt in 2015 tries to stress on solutions for such problems with a collective case studies from different industries applying different technologies but faces the same environmental problems. 60 pp. Englisch.