springer springer aug 2020 (Oltre 5.100 risultati)

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This original and panoramic book proposes that the underlying forces of demography and globalisation will shortly reverse three multi-decade global trends - it will raise inflation and interest rates, but lead to a pullback in inequality. 'Whatever the future holds', the authors argue, 'it will be nothing like the past'. Deflationary headwinds over the last three decades have been primarily due to an enormous surge in the world's available labour supply, owing to very favourable demographic trends and the entry of China and Eastern Europe into the world's trading system. This book demonstrates how these demographic trends are on the point of reversing sharply, coinciding with a retreat from globalisation. The result Ageing can be expected to raise inflation and interest rates, bringing a slew of problems for an over-indebted world economy, but is also anticipated to increase the share of labour, so that inequality falls. Covering many social and politicalfactors, as well as those that are more purely macroeconomic, the authors address topics including ageing, dementia, inequality, populism, retirement and debt finance, among others.This book will be of interest and understandable toanyone with an interest on where the world's economy may be going. 280 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This original and panoramic book proposes that the underlying forces of demography and globalisation will shortly reverse three multi-decade global trends - it will raise inflation and interest rates, but lead to a pullback in inequality. 'Whatever the future holds', the authors argue, 'it will be nothing like the past'. Deflationary headwinds over the last three decades have been primarily due to an enormous surge in the world's available labour supply, owing to very favourable demographic trends and the entry of China and Eastern Europe into the world's trading system. This book demonstrates how these demographic trends are on the point of reversing sharply, coinciding with a retreat from globalisation. The result Ageing can be expected to raise inflation and interest rates, bringing a slew of problems for an over-indebted world economy, but is also anticipated to increase the share of labour, so that inequality falls. Covering many social and politicalfactors, as well as those that are more purely macroeconomic, the authors address topics including ageing, dementia, inequality, populism, retirement and debt finance, among others.This book will be of interest and understandable toanyone with an interest on where the world's economy may be going. 280 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This original and panoramic book proposes that the underlying forces of demography and globalisation will shortly reverse three multi-decade global trends - it will raise inflation and interest rates, but lead to a pullback in inequality. 'Whatever the future holds', the authors argue, 'it will be nothing like the past'. Deflationary headwinds over the last three decades have been primarily due to an enormous surge in the world's available labour supply, owing to very favourable demographic trends and the entry of China and Eastern Europe into the world's trading system. This book demonstrates how these demographic trends are on the point of reversing sharply, coinciding with a retreat from globalisation. The result Ageing can be expected to raise inflation and interest rates, bringing a slew of problems for an over-indebted world economy, but is also anticipated to increase the share of labour, so that inequality falls. Covering many social and political factors, as well as those that are more purely macroeconomic, the authors address topics including ageing, dementia, inequality, populism, retirement and debt finance, among others.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book offers a comprehensive introduction to decision-making in an MCDM framework. Designed as a tutorial, it presents the main concepts and methods to be applied, together with essential background information. This includes the concept of nondominance, Simon's bounded rationality, Tversky and Kahneman's prospect theory, and the concepts of behavioral vs. mathematical convergence and premature stopping put forward by Korhonen, Moskowitz and Wallenius. The book concludes with a non-technical review of many popular decision algorithms, including the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), VIMDA, and a number of classic interactive man-machine algorithms. In essence, the book is a 'one-stop' source on everything you need to know about managerial decision-making in the multiple-criteria setting. 167 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Dieses essential schafft lebendig und anschaulich ein Verständnis für die Vorgänge in Quantencomputern. Es geht den Quantenphänomenen der Verschränkung und Überlagerung sowie der Frage, wie sie zum Rechnen verwendet werden können, auf den Grund. Gezeigt werden die Kodierung von Information, die Erklärung einfacher Algorithmen und die mögliche Anwendung. Ein Glossar am Ende des essentials erklärt die wichtigsten Begriffe. 52 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -'Mouritzen and Opstrup's book is a most welcome addition to the subject of the management of academic performance. It is certainly well-worth reading and considering.'-Bruno S. Frey, Permanent Visiting Professor at the University of Basel and Research Director CREMA - Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts, Switzerland'Performance Management at Universities could not possibly be more timely. With universities and university faculty throughout the world being pressed to give more evidence and more precise indicators about their productivity, this thoughtful contribution provides a much needed and unusually thoughtful analysis of the possibilities and pitfalls found in current approaches to university performance evaluation. Given policy-makers' and politicians' calls for evidence-based management and evaluation, let us hope that policy-makers heed their own rhetoric and act on the evidence provided here. The authors show that performance measures, while sometimes beneficial, are subject to gaming and manipulation and that more precision does not necessarily equate with better performance, but rather altered performance. This superb book should be read by anyone interested higher education evaluation as well as by those who are subjected to it.'-Barry Bozeman, Regents' Professor, Arizona Centennial Professor of Technology Policy and Public Management, School of Public Affairs, Arizona State University, USA'In Performance Management at Universities, Mouritzen and Opstrup definitively answer the question: What are the effects of national university performance-based funding schemes that use bibliometric indicators As these schemes have proliferated, the question has become urgent. The authors marshal comprehensive data on the Danish university system to sift through the many predictions commonly made by academics newly subject to these systems to identify what actually happened to Danish research as the system took hold.'-Diana Hicks, Professor, School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA, and first author on the Leiden Manifesto on research metricsThis book gives an account of what can happen when performance management is introduced at universities. How do scholars - for better or worse - respond to a system which counts the number of articles and books Many myths exist about scholar's reactions: They cheat, slice their production to the least publishable unit, become more risk averse and will go for the low-hanging fruits; in short, they develop a 'taste for publication' at the cost of a 'taste of science'. Systematic knowledge about the consequences of such systems for the motivation, behavior and productivity of university scholars is in short supply. The book is a major contribution to remedy this situation. 316 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The book is the first and general report of a series of six that reviews the practice of ¿China Dream¿ policy by the Zhejiang provincial government. ¿China Dream¿ is one of the most important state policies established by the present Chinese government and how to convert this abstract national strategy to concrete practice is still much of a challenge for local governments. The book summarizes the six facets of government administrative practices in economics, politics, culture, society, ecology and construction of the Party. It serves as the skeleton of the series and outlines the whole structure. It will help scholars and political practitioners worldwide better understand the statecraft of China and the practice China has experienced.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Das Buch gibt einen kompakten Einblick in alle wesentlichen Rechtsfragen rund um den Einsatz Künstlicher Intelligenz in Unternehmen oder Produkten. Versierte Autoren mit Praxiserfahrung erläutern die wichtigsten rechtlichen Themen beim Einsatz intelligenter Systeme und behandeln nach einer Einführung in die technischen Grundlagen die Auswirkungen und Besonderheiten Künstlicher Intelligenz in den Bereichen:ZivilrechtVertragsgestaltungLizenzierungHaftungImmaterialgüter rechteDatenschutzStrafrechtArbeitsrecht 306 pp. Deutsch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book is about the function and use of official statistics. It welcomes the aspiration for official statistics to be an indispensable element in the information system of a democratic society, serving the government, the economy and the public with data about the economic, demographic, social and environmental situation. The book identifies the political role of official statisticians, who decided what gets measured as well as how it is measured. While thousands of official statistics are published every year, and some are quoted by politicians, used by policy-makers or reported in the media, the authors observe that, in the main, official statistics do not feature much in everyday lives of people and businesses. The book concludes with suggestions for more that should be done, especially in the context of improving wellbeing and helping meet the worldwide set of sustainable development goals set for 2030. 164 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Thisis the first comprehensive science-based primer to highlight the unique ecosystem services provided by mangrove forests, and discuss how these services preserve the livelihoods of coastal populations. The book presents three decades of real-time data on Sundarbans and Bhitarkanika mangroves in India measuring carbon and nitrogen sequestration, as well as case studies that demonstrate the utility provided by mangroves for reducing the impact of storms and erosion, providing nutrient retention for complex habitats, and housing a vast reservoir of plant, animal and microbial biodiversity. Also addressed is the function of mangroves as natural ecosystems of cultural convergence, offering the resources and products necessary for thriving coastal communities.The book will be of interest to students, academics and researchers in the fields of oceanography, marine biology, botany, climate science, ecology and environmental geography, as well as consultants and policy makers working in coastal zone management and coastal biodiversity conservation. 380 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Help your students take control of their university experience, one step at a time. In Be Well, Learn Well, Gareth Hughes explores the different dimensions of student wellbeing (physical, psychological, social and academic) and helps students understand the connection between their wellbeing and academic performance. Be Well, Learn Well begins by considering the impact of factors such as diet, exercise, hydration, sleep and sunlight on learning, before examining how 'deep' learning can improve wellbeing. Subsequent chapters help students create meaningful connections with their studies, build motivation and approach exams, presentations and group projects with confidence. The final chapter challenges unhelpful narratives around career trajectories and helps students to take small, manageable steps towards their goals.

Bündel. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Dieses kompakte Lehrbuch bringt Ihnen - unterhaltsam wie ein Sachbuch - die psychologischen Grundlagen der menschlichen Kommunikation näher. Sie begegnen darin wegweisenden Konzepten, Modellen und Axiomen der Kommunikation (dabei auch bekannten Namen wie Paul Watzlawick und Friedemann Schulz von Thun), unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen auf Kommunikation sowie verschiedenen Kommunikationsstilen und -mustern. Sie erfahren, was es bedeutet, erfolgreich zu kommunizieren und wodurch erfolgreiche Kommunikation erschwert oder sogar verhindert wird. Und quasi im Vorbeigehen lernen Sie, Ihre eigene Kommunikation und damit sich selbst besser zu verstehen. 96 pp. Deutsch.

Bündel. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Dieses kompakte Lehrbuch bringt Ihnen - unterhaltsam wie ein Sachbuch - die psychologischen Grundlagen der menschlichen Kommunikation näher. Sie begegnen darin wegweisenden Konzepten, Modellen und Axiomen der Kommunikation (dabei auch bekannten Namen wie Paul Watzlawick und Friedemann Schulz von Thun), unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen auf Kommunikation sowie verschiedenen Kommunikationsstilen und -mustern. Sie erfahren, was es bedeutet, erfolgreich zu kommunizieren und wodurch erfolgreiche Kommunikation erschwert oder sogar verhindert wird. Und quasi im Vorbeigehen lernen Sie, Ihre eigene Kommunikation und damit sich selbst besser zu verstehen. 96 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Das Buch begründet eine neue Dynamik nachhaltiger Entwicklung, die da entsteht, wo die Hälfte der Menschen in Deutschland ihren Alltag verbringt: in unseren Organisationen. Sofern Organisationen im 21. Jahrhundert zukunftsfähig sind, sind es gleichzeitig wirksame Akteure nachhaltiger Entwicklung. Durch Verknüpfung geschichtlicher, soziologischer, psychologischer, ökonomischer, systemischer, philosophischer und sogar künstlerischer Aspekte zeichnet das Buch ein Bild von Nachhaltigkeit, das vollständiger ist als die Fragmente, die uns heute so oft begegnen. Was treibt Menschen an, die sich für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung einsetzen Meinungsporträts von Frauen und Männern aus den Bereichen Nachhaltigkeitsforschung, Umweltsoziologie, Demokratiebewegung, Unternehmerschaft, Maschinenbau/Werkstofftechnik und künstliche Intelligenz, Kirche, Bildung und Politik geben einen Einblick in unterschiedliche Positionen und Herangehensweisen. Ein kritischer Blick auf die 17 Nachhaltigkeitsziele (SDGs) und weitere Rahmenkonzepte hinterfragt deren Orientierungswert für praktisches Handeln. Neue Zugänge und integrierte Lösungen erweitern Horizonte und Handlungsspielräume und kündigen einen Paradigmenwechsel an: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ist nicht mehr regulative Deckelung, Spaß- und Erfolgsbremse, sondern eine gestaltende Kraft, die gezielt entfesselt werden kann und das Potenzial hat, die nachhaltige Entwicklung unserer Gesellschaft wesentlich zu beschleunigen. Dieses neue Potenzial kann mit der Dynamik, die gegenwärtig von der digitalen Transformation unserer Gesellschaft ausgeht, eine segensreiche Allianz bilden. Ein fundierter Appell ermuntert die Verantwortlichen in Organisationen sowie Expert\*innen unterschiedlicher Fachbereiche in Wissenschaft und Praxis, besser als bisher zusammenzuarbeiten. 248 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Das Buch gibt einen kompakten Einblick in alle wesentlichen Rechtsfragen rund um den Einsatz Künstlicher Intelligenz in Unternehmen oder Produkten. Versierte Autoren mit Praxiserfahrung erläutern die wichtigsten rechtlichen Themen beim Einsatz intelligenter Systeme und behandeln nach einer Einführung in die technischen Grundlagen die Auswirkungen und Besonderheiten Künstlicher Intelligenz in den Bereichen:

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This original and panoramic book proposes that the underlying forces of demography and globalisation will shortly reverse three multi-decade global trends - it will raise inflation and interest rates, but lead to a pullback in inequality. 'Whatever the future holds', the authors argue, 'it will be nothing like the past'. Deflationary headwinds over the last three decades have been primarily due to an enormous surge in the world's available labour supply, owing to very favourable demographic trends and the entry of China and Eastern Europe into the world's trading system. This book demonstrates how these demographic trends are on the point of reversing sharply, coinciding with a retreat from globalisation. The result Ageing can be expected to raise inflation and interest rates, bringing a slew of problems for an over-indebted world economy, but is also anticipated to increase the share of labour, so that inequality falls. Covering many social and political factors, as well as those that are more purely macroeconomic, the authors address topics including ageing, dementia, inequality, populism, retirement and debt finance, among others.Springer-Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book provides comprehensive coverage of the theoretical developments and technological breakthroughs that have deepened our understanding of environmental pollution and human health, while also promoting a comprehensive strategy to address these problems. The respective chapters highlight groundbreaking concepts fueling the development of environmental chemistry and toxicology; revolutionary analytical and computational approaches providing novel insights into environmental health; and nature-inspired, innovative engineering solutions for tackling complex hazardous exposures.The book also features a forward-looking perspective on emerging environmental issues that call for new research and regulatory paradigms, laying the groundwork for future advances in the broad field of environmental chemistry and toxicology.Written by respected authorities in the field, A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology - From Concepts to Insights will offer an invaluable reference guide for concerned researchers and professional practitioners for years to come.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -'Criticism of capitalism' - is it really politically fair and theoretically sound to address important politico-economic issues of our time by use of a terminology that still stems from the times of the Cold War Money is the other topic. 'Toward gold throng all, To gold cling all, Yes, all!' In times of money, which is intrinsically worthless and may therefore be provided in arbitrary amounts by a society, is it really adequate that we still (like Goethe did for gold) regard these petty paper slips as the scarcest resource of them all In this book, Kaiser provides the reader with surprisingly new insights into the fascinating phenomena of capital and money. 124 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware 363 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This original and panoramic book proposes that the underlying forces of demography and globalisation will shortly reverse three multi-decade global trends - it will raise inflation and interest rates, but lead to a pullback in inequality. 'Whatever the future holds', the authors argue, 'it will be nothing like the past'. Deflationary headwinds over the last three decades have been primarily due to an enormous surge in the world's available labour supply, owing to very favourable demographic trends and the entry of China and Eastern Europe into the world's trading system. This book demonstrates how these demographic trends are on the point of reversing sharply, coinciding with a retreat from globalisation. The result Ageing can be expected to raise inflation and interest rates, bringing a slew of problems for an over-indebted world economy, but is also anticipated to increase the share of labour, so that inequality falls. Covering many social and politicalfactors, as well as those that are more purely macroeconomic, the authors address topics including ageing, dementia, inequality, populism, retirement and debt finance, among others.This book will be of interest and understandable toanyone with an interest on where the world's economy may be going.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -What are the grand dynamics that drive the history of economies The laws of supply & demand, most economists would argue. For the history of European banking, this book offers an alternative explanation: Rather than market forces, the coincidence and coalitions of charismatic ideas and powerful interests is what shaped banking in Europe! In ¿Ideas, Interests and the Development of the European Banking Systems¿, Florian Brugger traced decisive moments in the history of the European Banking Sector: from the time of the Italian City-States to the post World War I period, he shows how coalitions of ideas and interests built the tracks along which the European Banking Sector developed.Inspired by Max Weber he argues that economic organizations and institutions, like the Banking Sector, are embedded into three fundamental orders: the economic, the cultural and the political order. Enforced and institutionalized by vested interests, ideas of the cultural order legitimate and empower interests of the economic and political order. What is more, decisive moments were frequently characterized by coalitions of ideas and interests between parties that in normal times had nothing in common or were even confronting each other in a hostile way.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book offers a comprehensive review of current systems for fish protection and downstream migration. It offers the first systematic description of the currently available technologies for fish protection at hydropower intakes, including accurate and timely data collected by the authors and other researchers. It describes how to design and test them in agreement with the guidelines established from the EU Water Framework Directive. The book includes important information about fish biology, with a special focus on swimming and migration mechanisms. It offers a robust bridge between concepts in applied ecology and civil hydraulic engineering, thus providing biologists and hydraulic engineers with an authoritative reference guide to both the theory and practice of fish protection. It is also of interest for planners, public authorities as well as environmental consultants.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The book is the first and general report of a series of six that reviews the practice of 'China Dream' policy by the Zhejiang provincial government. 'China Dream' is one of the most important state policies established by the present Chinese government and how to convert this abstract national strategy to concrete practice is still much of a challenge for local governments. The book summarizes the six facets of government administrative practices in economics, politics, culture, society, ecology and construction of the Party. It serves as the skeleton of the series and outlines the whole structure. It will help scholars and political practitioners worldwide better understand the statecraft of China and the practice China has experienced.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Dieses Buch bietet neuen Kollegen und Wiedereinsteigern im Fachbereich Dialyse Unterstützung bei der schnellen Einarbeitung in den neuen Bereich oder auf der neuen Station. Motto: 'Keine Angst vor einem Stationswechsel' Es bietet ein schnelles Nachschlagen in konkreten Situationen und Platz für wichtige Notizen. Checklisten helfen tägliche Abläufe (Visiten, Übergaben, Monitoring) und Vorgänge (Bestellungen) zu optimieren. 199 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Dieses Buch bietet neuen Kollegen und Wiedereinsteigern im Fachbereich Dialyse Unterstützung bei der schnellen Einarbeitung in den neuen Bereich oder auf der neuen Station. Motto: 'Keine Angst vor einem Stationswechsel' Es bietet ein schnelles Nachschlagen in konkreten Situationen und Platz für wichtige Notizen. Checklisten helfen tägliche Abläufe (Visiten, Übergaben, Monitoring) und Vorgänge (Bestellungen) zu optimieren. 199 pp. Deutsch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This collection of essays explores the remarkable range and cultural significance of the engagement with 'infancy' during the Romantic period. Taking its point of departure in the commonplace claim that the Romantics invented childhood, the book traces that engagement across national boundaries, in the visual arts, in works of educational theory and natural philosophy, and in both fiction and non-fiction written for children. Essays authored by scholars from a range of national and disciplinary backgrounds reveal how Romantic-period representations of and for children constitute sites of complex discursive interaction, where ostensibly unrelated areas of enquiry are brought together through common tropes and topoi associated with infancy. Broadly new-historicist in approach, but drawing also on influential theoretical descriptions of genre, discipline, mediation, cultural exchange, and comparative methodologies, the collection also seeks to rethink the idea of a clear-cut dichotomy between Enlightenment and Romantic conceptions of infancy. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book compriseschapters featuring a state of the art of research on digital technology in mathematics education. The chapters are extended versions ofa selection of papers from the Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Technology in Mathematics Teaching (ICTMT-13), which was held in Lyon, France, from July 3rd to 6th. ICTMT-13 gathered together over one hundred participants from twenty countries sharing research and empirical results on the topical issues of technology and its potential to improve mathematics teaching and learning. The chapters are organised into 4 themed parts, namely assessment in mathematics education and technology, which was the main focus of the conference, innovative technology and approaches to mathematics education, teacher education and professional development toward the technology use, and mathematics teaching and learning experiences with technology. In 13 chapters contained in the book, prominent mathematics educators from all over the world present the most recent theoretical and practical advances on these themesThis book is of particular interest to researchers, teachers, teacher educators and other actors interested in digital technology in mathematics education. 344 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book provides comprehensive coverage of the theoretical developments and technological breakthroughs that have deepened our understanding of environmental pollution and human health, while also promoting a comprehensive strategy to address these problems. The respective chapters highlight groundbreaking concepts fueling the development of environmental chemistry and toxicology; revolutionary analytical and computational approaches providing novel insights into environmental health; and nature-inspired, innovative engineering solutions for tackling complex hazardous exposures. The book also features a forward-looking perspective on emerging environmental issues that call for new research and regulatory paradigms, laying the groundwork for future advances in the broad field of environmental chemistry and toxicology.Written by respected authorities in the field, A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology - From Concepts to Insights will offer an invaluable reference guide for concerned researchers and professional practitioners for years to come.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -What are the grand dynamics that drive the history of economies The laws of supply & demand, most economists would argue. For the history of European banking, this book offers an alternative explanation: Rather than market forces, the coincidence and coalitions of charismatic ideas and powerful interests is what shaped banking in Europe! In ¿Ideas, Interests and the Development of the European Banking Systems¿, Florian Brugger traced decisive moments in the history of the European Banking Sector: from the time of the Italian City-States to the post World War I period, he shows how coalitions of ideas and interests built the tracks along which the European Banking Sector developed.Inspired by Max Weber he argues that economic organizations and institutions, like the Banking Sector, are embedded into three fundamental orders: the economic, the cultural and the political order. Enforced and institutionalized by vested interests, ideas of the cultural order legitimate and empower interests of the economic and political order. What is more, decisive moments were frequently characterized by coalitions of ideas and interests between parties that in normal times had nothing in common or were even confronting each other in a hostile way.Springer VS in Springer Science + Business Media, Abraham-Lincoln-Straße 46, 65189 Wiesbaden 392 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - What are the grand dynamics that drive the history of economies The laws of supply & demand, most economists would argue. For the history of European banking, this book offers an alternative explanation: Rather than market forces, the coincidence and coalitions of charismatic ideas and powerful interests is what shaped banking in Europe! In 'Ideas, Interests and the Development of the European Banking Systems', Florian Brugger traced decisive moments in the history of the European Banking Sector: from the time of the Italian City-States to the post World War I period, he shows how coalitions of ideas and interests built the tracks along which the European Banking Sector developed. Inspired by Max Weber he argues that economic organizations and institutions, like the Banking Sector, are embedded into three fundamental orders: the economic, the cultural and the political order. Enforced and institutionalized by vested interests, ideas of the cultural order legitimate and empower interests of the economic and political order. What is more, decisive moments were frequently characterized by coalitions of ideas and interests between parties that in normal times had nothing in common or were even confronting each other in a hostile way.