Springer us dez 2012 (669 risultati)
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Despite an enormous investment of effort throughout the world, cancer is still a major barrier to human longevity. Cancer deaths are estimated to be more than five million globally. Currently responsible for about 20% of all deaths in developed coun tries, the burden of cancer is steadily i…ncreasing in the developing world, following the control of malnutrition and infectious and parasitic diseases. Deeply impressed by the report of the Symposium on Geographic Pathology and Demography of Cancer held at Oxford in 1950, and through his preliminary work on cancer mortality statistics in Japan, Professor M. Segi decided to devote his life to the fight against cancer by establishing worldwide comparative cancer statistics-one of the landmarks in cancer studies and in cancer prevention strategies. He and his associates published six volumes of Cancer Mortality in 24 Countries with reliable mortality statistics covering 1950-1967, using the world population which he had derived as a standard. These publications rapidly became standard works of reference on the subject throughout the world. Professor Segi was a pioneer of cancer epidemiology in Japan. He cleaved a path through the jungle of cancer using epidemiological methods. By promoting cancer studies, he overcame the poor understanding of malignant disease which existed after World War II, when cancer mortality rates were still low.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This volume of essays grew out of a symposium organized by Judith Hoch-Smith and Anita Spring for the 1974 American Anthropological Association meetings in Mexico City. The two-part symposium was enti tled 'Women in Ritual and Symbolic Systems: I. Midwives, Madonnas, and Mediums; ll. Prosti…tutes, Witches, and Androgynes. ' The sym posium participants were asked to explore theological, ritual, and sym bolic aspects-both positive and negative-of the feminine cultural do main, using ethnographic materials with which they were familiar. The resulting papers have been revised, edited, and gathered together in Women in Ritual and Symbolic Roles. The theoretical importance of these papers for the study of women's participation in culture and society rests on the assumption that reli gious ideas are paramount forces in social life, that relationships be tween the sexes, the nature of female sexuality, and the social and cul tural roles of women are in large part defined by religious ideas. That this proposition remains valid long after religion itself has ceased to be a living truth in the lives of many people can be seen from the tenacious ness of Judeo-Christian ideas about women in the contemporary West ern world. Both the expansion of life options for women and the creation of more positive cultural images of the female are intimately related to changes in the my tho-symbolic portraits that people carry around in their heads. These portraits are almost exclusively constructed from mythological and religious conceptions inherent in all facets of culture.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 308 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Despite an enormous investment of effort throughout the world, cancer is still a major barrier to human longevity. Cancer deaths are estimated to be more than five million globally. Currently responsible for about 20% of all deaths in developed coun tries, the burden of cancer is steadily…increasing in the developing world, following the control of malnutrition and infectious and parasitic diseases. Deeply impressed by the report of the Symposium on Geographic Pathology and Demography of Cancer held at Oxford in 1950, and through his preliminary work on cancer mortality statistics in Japan, Professor M. Segi decided to devote his life to the fight against cancer by establishing worldwide comparative cancer statistics-one of the landmarks in cancer studies and in cancer prevention strategies. He and his associates published six volumes of Cancer Mortality in 24 Countries with reliable mortality statistics covering 1950-1967, using the world population which he had derived as a standard. These publications rapidly became standard works of reference on the subject throughout the world. Professor Segi was a pioneer of cancer epidemiology in Japan. He cleaved a path through the jungle of cancer using epidemiological methods. By promoting cancer studies, he overcame the poor understanding of malignant disease which existed after World War II, when cancer mortality rates were still low.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Advances in Microbial Ecology was established by the International Commis sion on Microbial Ecology to provide a vehicle for in-depth, critical, and, it is hoped, provocative reviews on aspects of both applied and basic microbial ecol ogy. In the five years of its existence, Advances has a…chieved recognition as a major source of information and inspiration both for practicing and f.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - 1 The Chondrodystrophies.- Classification of the Chondrodystrophies.- Evaluation of the Dwarfed Patient.- Clinical, Radiographic, Genetic, and Pathological Features of the Chondrodystrophies.- Animal Models of the Chondrodystrophies.- Future Trends in Chondrodystrophy Research.- 2 New Tech…niques in the Study of Human Chromosomes: Methods and Applications.- Fluorescence Microscopy.- Giemsa Staining.- The Usage of Banding Techniques.- Abnormalities Detected by Banding Analysis.- Chemical Properties of the Bands.- Technical Appendix.- 3 The Thalassemias: Models for Analysis of Quantitative Gene Control.- History.- Definition.- Organization of Globin Genes.- Ontogeny of Hemoglobin Production.- Inheritance of Thalassemia.- Frequency of Thalassemia.- Regulation of Hemoglobin Synthesis and Turnover.- Transcription of Hemoglobin Genes.- Intranuclear Processing of the Primary Gene Product.- Transport of Messenger RNA to the Cytoplasm.- Cytoplasmic Metabolism of Messenger RNA.- Balance of Hemin and Globin (Protein) Synthesis in Reticulocytes.- Other Steps in Hemoglobin Synthesis and Degradation.- Pathophysiology of the Thalassemias.- Directions in Therapy.- Note Added in Proof.- 4 Spontaneous Mutation in Man.- 'Classical' Mutation Rates.- Molecular Aspects of Human Mutation.- Spontaneous Mutation in Other Organisms and Its Significance for the Understanding of Human Mutations.- 5 Genetic Screening Legislation.- The Public Health Power.- Legislation Mandating Detection of Genetic Disease.- Legislation Mandating Screening for Genetic Traits.- Future of State-Supported Genetic Screening.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Three articles make up Volume 10 of Methods in Membrane Biology. In the first of these, Papahadjopoulos, Poste, and Vail extensively review much of the available data on the fusion of natural membranes, model membranes (liposomes), and natural membranes with liposomes. The authors are led…by their review of the experimental methods and their interpretations of the results obtained to a general theory of membrane fusion which they believe is applicable to all systems that have been studied. Arguing that although protein and carbohydrate may serve, in some cases, to bring membranes into sufficiently close proximity for fusion to occur and, in other cases, to remove peripheral and integral proteins from the regions that are to undergo fusion, the authors conclude that membrane fusion per se is solely a property of the lipid bilayer. In their view, all the experimental observations to date can be subsumed under a unifying hypothesis in which membrane fusion is the result of a phase separation in one-half of the membrane bilayer brought about by the interaction - of calcium ions with acidic phospholipids, mostly phosphatidylserine. Where half-membranes already contain sufficient acidic phospholipids, a local increase in calcium ion concentration may suffice to induce fusion (examples might include exocytosis and fusion of intracellular membrane systems). In other cases, natural or experimentally induced events preceding fusion might be necessary to increase the local concentration of the acidic phospholipids in the half-membrane (virus-or fusogenic agent-induced cell-to-cell fusion, or endocytosis, for example).
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This is the third volume in the series of books based on the Annual Merseyside Course in Clinical Psychology. In common with its predecessors its aim is to present a number of topics of interest to practitioners, researchers, trainers and trainees in the field, with the intent not only to…inform but variously also to question and to guide further enquiry. Selection for this volume has taken a somewhat different stance to the previous two. Whereas in former volumes an attempt has been made to cover standard areas of general and scientific interest to psychologists and others in related professions, such as anorexia nervosa, forensic issues, long term care, mental handicap, community psychology, anxiety and de pression, in this one issues which are of equal relevance but not necessarily of equal prominence in psychological texts, are included. We have not, however, neglected those areas more readily recognized as of major clinical import which are being progressively covered in this series. This year we have the section 'Bereavement and the Care of the Dying'. Although for many this may not be a main focus, it is a subject that few helpers do not encounter either directly or indirectly with their clients. It would be impossible for this subject to not reflect the most human side of the caring professions, and it is perhaps in this field that the objective/subjective dilemma of the clinician can be seen in its most acute form.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Advances in Clinical Child Psychology is. a serial publication designed to bring together original summaries of the most important new develop ments in the field of clinical child psychology and its related disciplines. Each chapter is written by a key figure in an innovative area of resea…rch or by an individual who is particularly well qualified to comment on a topic of major contemporary importance. These chapters provide con venient, concise explorations of empirical and clinical advances in the field. In Volume 6, the chapters reflect the changing nature of research on the disorders of children. Since the beginning of this series, increasing amounts of innovative and promising research have focused on the classification, etiology, and development of childhood psychopathol ogy. This volume contains chapters on the classification of autism, the nature of sexual abuse, the development of social deficiencies and affec tion, and the important variables of maternal depression, infant-child interactions, sibling interactions, and early temperament. This volume also highlights another significant trend in clinical child psychology-its increasing rapprochement with developmental psychology. A chapter on the importance of cognitive development in dictating child interview strategies is an important example of this trend. We appreciate the roles played by the advisory editors in suggesting excellent topics and thoughtfully editing the chapters. As always, our strongest thanks go to the volume's authors for their outstanding contributions.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Volume 9 of Developments in Applied Spectroscopy pr e sents a collection of tventy-three selected papers presented during the 21st Mid-America Symposium on Spectroscopy, held in Chicago, June 2-5, 1970, In general. these papers are those of the symposium type and not papers pertaining to a… specific research topic that one voul~ expect to find in the journals. The 21st Mid-America Symposium vas sponsored by the Chicago Section in cooperation vith Cincinnati, Cleveland, Indiana, Nev England, Nev York, Niagara Frontier and Ohio Vall ey Sections of the Society of Applied Spectroscopy, and the Chicago Gas Chromatography Group. Although the Mid America is stiIl occasionally thought of as a regional meet ing, its attendees and authors come from all parts of the United States and Canada as vell as other countries outside North America. Both theoretieal and applied principles vere presented in sessions on emission, molecular and atomic absorption, x-ray, mass, nuclear, electron, and nuclear magnetic and electron spin resonanee spectroscopy; air and Water pOllution analyses; biomedical technology; polymers and elastomeric materials; and computer applications. The chairmen of the Symposium Committees, Mr. E. Baclavski. Dr. W. K. Baer, Mr. J. E. Burroughs, Dr. C. R. Brundle, Mr. C. Hastings, Mr. J. B. Himes, Mr. R. Isaac, Dr. R. J. Jakobsen, Mr. J. Kinder, Dr. J. L. Koenig, Mr. W. A. Loseke, Dr. R. Mattoon, Miss V. McMahon, Dr. C.E. Moore, Mr. C. S. Naiman, Dr. M. J. Oestmann, Mr. C. R.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The Laser Raman Workshop on the r'eas urement of Gas Properti es i sone of aseries of occasional meetings organized in an informal workshop format through the stimulation of Project SQUID, Office of Naval Research. This workshop is the second to be organized on gas-phase applications of Ra…man scattering. Both Raman workshops were supported by Project SQUID, ONR, and the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The first Raman Workshop was held at the AVCO Everett Research Laboratory, Everett, Massachusetts, with their co-sponsorship in January 1972 under the chairmanship of D. A. Leonard. The present meeting was co-sponsored by the General Electric Research and Development Center, and held at their facility in Schenectady, New York. We are grateful to Project SQUID, AFAPL, and GE for their generous financial support of this Workshop, and to Project SQUID for underwriting the publication costs of the Proceedings. As is always the case for successful meetings, many people contributed substantially to the organization and execution of this workshop. Professor Robert Goulard supported, aided, and encouraged us in the most helpful ways, and we are indebted to him. We received further valuable support and assistance from Dr. Ralph Roberts, Director, and Mr. James R. Patton, Jr., of the Power Branch, Office of Naval Research; from Dr. William H. Heiser, Chief Scientist of the Aero Propulsion Laboratory; and from Dr. James M.
Lingua: Inglese
Editore: Springer Us Dez 2012 2012
Serie: International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, Libro 45 di 323. Libro 45 di 323 - International Series in Operations Research & Management Science
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Models & Methods for Project Selection systematically examines in this book treatment the latest work in the field of project selection modeling. The models presented are drawn from mathematical programming, decision theory, and finance. These models are examined in two categorical streams…: the management science stream and the financial model stream. The book describes the assumptions and limitations of each model and provides appropriate solution methodologies. Its organization follows three main themes: \*Criteria for Choice: Chapters 1-3 investigate the effect of the choice of optimization criteria on the results of the portfolio optimization problem. \*Risk and Uncertainty: Chapters 4-7 deal with uncertainty in the project selection problem. \*Non-Linearity and Interdependence: These chapters deal with problems of non-linearity and interdependence as they arise in the project selection problem.Chapters 8, 9 and 10 present solution methodologies, which can be used to solve these most general project selection models.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Sociobiology is the play of the season. Its success is mellsured by its immense popularity and perhaps by the controversy it has generated as well. Unfortunately, neither its popularity nor the resulting controversy seems likely to assure progress toward understanding sociobiological issue…s. The play has too many actors and, it seems, the casting has been poor; the players are unable to maintain their roles. At center stage, of course, is E. O. Wilson and his monumental opus Sociobiology. 1 In the wings, and making periodic entrances, are an assort ment of brilliant, committed, and aggressive adversaries. On cue, one of them steps out and decries the self-fulfilling nature of sociobiological prophesies. The arguments of the adversaries are varied. They warn that if all nonhuman primate societies tolerate aggression and man is also a pri mate, then aggression may come to be considered 'normal' and therefore acceptable. Their dire warnings may also have real impact on policy, alter ing, for example, a research program intended to examine longitudinally the relation between a supernumerary chromosome and certain behavioral disorders. The rationale is that since the afflicted infants would have to be identified and the study obviously does assume that psychopathology is linked to the chromosome aberration, the attitudes of the child's parents could well contribute to abnormal behavior that might otherwise not appear.
Lingua: Inglese
Editore: Springer Us Dez 2012 2012
Serie: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, Libro 72 di 292. Libro 72 di 292 - IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This is not a textbook nor an encyclopedia; rather, it is a collection of papers representing a variety of points of view on contemporary is sues, controversies, and questions about female sexual development. The editor has a point of view, not a point of view as to which of the various au…thors' positions presented in this book is correct, or even the most useful, but a point of view about the format of such a book; namely, that the definitive answers, and the experts who will provide them, are not yet identified. Therefore, many voices should be heard from different areas of expertise, training, experience, and back ground. Inevitably there are contradictions and disagreements. There should be. Several authors who were asked to provide short discus sions for papers found themselves unable to answer in less than an ad ditional paper. The editor welcomed this response. This is an area full of ancient myths, new discoveries, and alternate perspectives. It is hoped that the book reflects these ambiguities and controversies and that it will stimulate as many questions as it provides answers. You will find represented in this volume, and its forthcoming companion volume on women's sexual experience, authors not gener ally found together between the covers. When useful and where pos sible, a discussion or an addendum to a paper has been included by an author who approaches the subject from a different base of infor mation or experience.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - We are pleased to present Volume 9 of our highly successful series, which now celebrates 12 years of providing the magnetic resonance community with topical, authoritative chapters on new aspects of biological magnetic resonance. As always, we try to present a diversity of topic coverage i…n each volume, ranging from applications of in vivo magnetic resonance to more fundamental aspects of electron spin resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance. Philip Yeagle presents an eagerly awaited chapter on 31p NMR studies of membranes and membrane protein interactions. Alan Marshall has con tributed two chapters to the volume: one, with Jiejun Wu, describes magnetic resonance studies of 5S-RNA as probes of its structure and conformation; the secon.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Volume 4 of Advances in Nutritional Research reflects the increased importance that recently has been attached to nutrition in many fields of clinical medicine. This heightened interest in nutrition stems from the demonstration that the intake of specific nutrients may have far-reaching co…nsequences, not only for normal metabolism, but also for metabolic processes affecting clinical or subclinical disease. Conversely, many disease states have been shown to have previously unrecognized effects on nutrient function and metabolism. In addition to topics of obvious relevance to human clinical nutrition, this volume contains chapters dealing with the nutrition of cells grown in culture and of species that may provide insights into nutritional disorders of man. To gether with its predecessors, Volume 4 provides graduate students and estab lished investigators with authoritative accounts of the status of research on a range of topics of current interest in experimental and clinical nutrition. vii Contents Chapter 1. Vitamin-Responsive Genetic Abnormalities . . S. Harvey Mudd 1. Introduction. 1 2. Historical Perspective . 2 3. Genetic Abnormalities Currently Known to Be Vitamin Responsive. 3 4. Mechanisms Underlying Vitamin Responsiveness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.1. Defects in the Processing of a Vitamin Prior to Its Interaction in Cofactor Form with a Particular Apoenzyme . 7 4.2. Defects in Particular Apoenzymes that Interact with the Cofactor Forms of Vitamins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . . . . . .
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Volume 5 of this series continues its coverage of currently active re search fields in ornithology. Because an editor can never be a disin terested observer of his or her own editorial efforts, any claim for su periority of this volume is not without conflict of interest. Even so, Volume 5… has certain merits that even a parent should acknowledge, and I find the current chapters not merely timely and authoritative but compelling in their demand for a reader's attention. Wolfgang and Roswitha Wiltschko provide a perceptive review of magnetic orientation in birds, a piece dedicated to Fritz Merkel, the pioneer in studies of magnetic orientation. Sergei Kharitonov and Doug las Siegel-Causey are concerned with the behavioral ecology of seabird coloniality, emphasizing their field experiences in the USSR and the United States. Ted Miller examines the application of studies of bird behavior to comparative biology, pursuing the interface of behavior and evolutionary biology adumbrated by Konrad Lorenz in the 1930s. Jeremy Raynor gives us a summary of the work over the past decade on bird flight, which is not, by turns, as complex or as simple as we had formerly believed. Carrol Henderson describes recent develop ments in nongame bird conservation, based on his pioneering work in the State of Minnesota. Alan Kamil discusses optimal experimental design for research in ornithology, a field in which experimental work is frequently difficult to pursue.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Identified Neurons and Behavior of Arthropods presents for the larger audience the papers delivered at a symposium of the same title. I organized this symposium so that a few of the many who owe him a great scientific debt could honor Professor C. A. G. (Kees) Wiersma upon his attaining th…e age of 70 and retiring from the California Institute of Technology. Everyone of the participants publicly acknowledged his debt to Kees Wiersma, but in a sense there was no need to do so, because the research reported spoke for itself. Seldom in a rapidly developing branch of modem science has all of the recent progress so clearly stemmed from the pioneering work of a single figure. But in this subject, the role of identified nerve cells in determining behavior, Wiersma stood virtually alone for 30 years. He it was who first showed that indi vidual nerve cells are recognizable and functionally important and have 'per sonalities' of their own.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The proceedings of a workshop conference are presented in this volume entitled Hypothalamic Peptide Hormones and Pituitary Regulation. The workshop was held in Wilson Hall on the campus of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, during the days of November 1-2, 1976, and is…the most recent of three symposia on neuroendocrinology that have been sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. The first one was held on December 6 - 8, 1961, in the New Everglades Hotel at Miami, Florida. During the first meeting, much emphasis was given to the anatomical and physiological basis for the fledgling science of neuroendocrinology. The proceedings of that symposium were published under the title of Advances in Neuroendocrinology, A. V. Nalbandov (ed. ), University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois, 1963. The second workshop was held on January 8 -11, 1969, in the Arizona Inn at Tucson, Arizona, and was unique in several respects. It was evident to the participants that definitive identification and the determination of the chemical structure of at least one hypothalamic releasing factor was at hand (see Workshop Conference on Bioassay and Chemistry of the Hypophysio tropic Hormones of the Hypothalamus: ~Critical Evaluatioi'i':-J. Meites, ed. , The Williams and Wilkins Co. , Baltimore, Maryland, 1970). Much of what was presented at the second workshop was dedicated to methods of bioassay of the various releasing factors.
Lingua: Inglese
Editore: Springer Us Dez 2012 2012
Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Libro 5 di 544. Libro 5 di 544 - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The ontogeny of lymphoid cells seems the most appropriate place to start. The early events in T and B cell ontogeny are still confusing. There seems to be no agreement on the data and on the semantics of the question of progenitor vs. stem cells. Nevertheless, we are beginning to understan…d more about progenitor cells which are committed to particular cell lines, and about stem cells in the sense of having almost unlimited capability of giving rise to undifferentiated progeny. An important future development will be to determine the nature of the substances that attract stem cells and which are produced by specialized thymus epithelium, and perhaps by the bursa. The way stem cells recognize these signals is an important question to answer. Not predictable from mammalian models has been the observation that there is a lack of cells called into the bursa even before the signal for entry of stem cells has been shut off. A likely model suggested that after a certain point in development there were no longer any cells capable of migrating into the bursa and becoming B cells. A fascinating possibility is the suggestion that a cell comes into the bursa, is not committed, then can still wander into the thymus. This cell does not appear to have B cell characteris tics; that is, immunoglobulin is not expressed on its surface.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - We are pleased to present to our readers the proceedings of th~ Third Bari Seminars in Nephrology. The tDpic ~f these proceedi~gs deals with effects of drugs and o.yst el'll C ct i se;'Isc;- an the Id dney. Tho B rj S~~jnar5 in Nephr~logy are bi-annual meetings ~tt~~~Dd k) D large internat…ional audience comprised of clinicians-scientist~ in the various displines of ~~phrnlDgy nnrl rQlated fi~ld$. The ne~t Bari S~mjnar5 of Nephrology will take place i' npril 19qn ~nd thp theme of the gathering will be Interstitial Nephritidies and Obstructive Uropathy. We are indc-bted for the goner-ells financial support of the Centro N::I~innalC' ti Pds. :'ll Pds. '', Pichp.rche, Italy. Alberto Amerio Pasquale Coratelli Vito M. Campese Shaul G. Massry vii CONTENTS Lupus Nephritis: Pathogenesis, Course and Management . . . 3 James E. Balow Prognostic Determinants in Lupus Nephritis . . 17 P. Coratelli, R. Rizzi, G. Pannarale, A. Ramunni M. Giannattasio, and G. Passavanti Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Lupus Nephritis . . . 35 . M.T. Porri, M.I. Quarenghi, F. Ferrario G. Colasanti, R. Rossi, E. Schiaffino, G. Toia, and G. D'Amico Vasculitis and the Kidney . . . . . . . . . . 41 .
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Transposon tagging can work. Even though most of our understand ing about the factors that contribute to a successful tagging experiment has been accumulated from a limited number of experiments using different transposable elements in different genetic backgrounds, it is still possible to… draw some conclusions regarding the best experimental strategies for gene tagging. In our experience, Spm has proved to be a good element for transposon tagging. The frequency of recovering mutable alleles in duced by Spm is not significantly different from that for Ac-Ds or for Mu 6 (summarized in Ref. 22) and varies from about 10- to 10=zr:-8pm has the unique advantage, however, in that all of the members of thiSfumily that have been examined thus far are homologous to each other at the DNA level. Therefore, by combining molecular analysis with genetic segre gation, it is possible to identify and isolate alleles that are due to insertions of either autonomous or nonautonomous Spm elements. There are definite steps one can take to increase the chances of de tecting a transposition into the gene of interest. The most important step is to select a genetic background in which the desired phenotype will be easy to screen. If the phenotype is not likely to be mutable, then tester lines should be constructed so as to contain flanking markers that can aid in subsequent segregation analyses.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This volume contains the edited transcript of an interdisci plinary colloquium held at Totts Gap Medical Research Laboratories, Bangor, Pennsylvania on October 12-14, 1983 under the sponsorship of the Muscular Dystrophy Association. The aim was to illuminate the pathogenic mechanism of Duc…henne Muscular Dystrophy through a synthesis of available data on gene expression in muscle. In the informal give and take ot the collo quium, the participants found themselves engaged in mutual education and enlightenment as they attempted to put together what is known and to highlight what is not known about the subject. Significant research into muscle as a tissue and muscle disease began only about 50 years ago although the description of muscular dystrophy by Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne de Boulogne had been published in 1862. By 1943 it was clear that Duchenne muscular dystrophy was an X-linked genetic disorder. Up to the present, however, the offending gene has not been identified although its location on the short arm of the X chromosome has been approximately determined. The gene product associated with the initial disturbance in skeletal muscle has also remained elusive up to now. Moreover, investigations into the mechanisms of the muscle degeneration have been hampered by ignorance of the fundamental phenotypic expression of the genetic disorder.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Since the appearance of the first two volumes of Modern Fluorescence Spectroscopy in 1976, important advances continue to be made in both the techniques and applications of molecular luminescence. In terms of 'hardware,' it is only recently that the application of laser excitation to molec…ular fluorometry has become feasible under conditions that are analy tically realistic. The improvements that can be effected in sensitivity, analy tical selectivity, and ability to handle 'difficult' samples by laser fluorometry have only begun to be exploited. Likewise, time-resolved fluorometry has received widespread use in fundamental studies (a sizable number of which deal with biological systems), but has as of yet received relatively little analytical utilization. The use of electronic array detectors offers the promise of obtaining luminescence spectra more rapidly, and perhaps ultimately with greater sensitivity, than is possible by the use of scanning instruments equipped with conventional detectors. The increasing capabilities of microcomputers and the increasing sophistication of 'smart' spectroscopic instrumentation signify that much more efficient acquisition and use can now be achieved of the information contained in the 'excitation-emission matrix' inherent in the luminescence phenomenon.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The application of the Fourier transform is being seen to an increasing extent in all branches of chemistry, but it is in the area of chemical analysis that the greatest activity is taking place. Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry are already routine met…hods for obtaining high-sensitivity IR and NMR spectra. Analogous methods are now being developed for mass spectrometry (Fourier transform ion cyclo tron resonance spectrometry) and microwave spectroscopy, and Fourier transform techniques have been successfully applied in several areas of electrochemistry. In addition the fast Fourier transform algorithm has been used for smoothing, interpolation, and more efficient storage of data, and has been studied as a potential method for more efficient identification of samples using pattern recognition techniques. Linear transforms have also been shown to be useful in analytical chemistry. Probably the most important of these is the Hadamard transform, which has been applied in alternative methods for obtaining IR and NMR data at high sensitivity. Even though measurements involving this algorithm will probably not be applied as universally as their Fourier transform ana logs, in the area of pattern recognition application of the Hadamard trans form will in all probability prove more important than application of the Fourier transform.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This volume contains most of the papers presented at the First International Symposium on The Effect of Prolonged Drug Usage on Fetal Development held at the Beit-Berl Convention Center, Kfar Saba, Israel, on September 14 - 17, 1971. In order to obtain an overview of the effect of drugs on… fetal development, it appeared desirable to gather the opinions of noted investigators regarding the goals already achieved and the future potential of prevention of fetal disorders due to drugs. More than one hundred and sixty scientists from fifteen countries participated, and over forty presented data which were collected in extensive laboratory, clinical and field studies. This small, comparatively informal, International Symposium was held in a relaxed environment and provided a suitable forum for scientists in many differing lines of research to evaluate together the recent advances in the role of drugs as teratogenic agents and methods for the rapid uncovering of the teratogenic potential of drugs to mankind.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - We are pleased to present to our readers the Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Phosphate and Other Minerals which was held in Verona, Italy, during June 24-26, 1983. It was hosted by Professor Giuseppe Maschio, Professor of Medicine and Chief, Department of Nephrology at t…he University of Verona. The Sixth Workshop maintained the tradition of the previous ones. It provided a unique and outstanding opportunity for close interaction between scientist involved in the research of the overall field of Mineral Metabolism. The current Workshop was attended by 250 scientists from 15 countries including Austria, Canada, Denmark, England, France, Germany,Holland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland, and the United States of America. The topics discussed included the renal handling of phosphate, transport of other minerals, intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate and phosphate homeostasis in health and disease. Two symposia dealing with the recent developments of the interactions between minerals, parathyroid hormone, and blood pressure and between minerals and myopathies were included. In addition to the 15 State-of-the-Art Lectures, there were 43 oral and 63 poster presentations selected from over 200 abstracts sub mitted to the Program Committee. The Seventh International Workshop on Phosphate and Other Minerals will be held during September, 1985, in Marseille, France. It will be hosted by Professor Michel almer, Chief of the Department of Nephrology at the University of Marseille. The theme of this coming Workshop will focus on the pathophysiology of phosphate homeostasis and the metabolism of other minerals.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Research on the study of membrane toxicity has advanced a great deal in a relatively short period of time, prompting scientists to re-examine the problems associated with carriers, receptors and reactors to toxic substances. This book presents current research on the responses of membranes… to toxic sub stances both by direct observation of macromolecules reacting with these substances and by inference from data on the bio chemical responses of cells and cell fractions. Two basic areas of membrane toxicity are analyzed by a large number and variety of scientists in this field. The first area is the effect of various toxic substances on membrane structure and function. The second area is where the membrane serves as the site of rate limiting step of the transport of various toxic substances. The aim of the book is to evaluate present concepts of membrane structure and function in relation to exposure to envir onmental toxicants. The book is divided into five sessions: 1. Xenobiotics and Membrane Transport 2. Cellular Responses to Toxins 3. Effects of Membranes and Receptors 4. Modification of Membrane Function by Toxicological Agents 5. Toxic Chemicals as Molecular Probes of Membrane Structure and Function Each paper is generally concluded by an edited discussion which contains many useful and interesting additional insights in each subject area. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We gratefully acknowledge the support provided for this conference by the U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Rochester.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The International Workshop on human lactation dedicated specifically to the topic of Maternal and Environmental Effects on Lactation repre sents the recent progress of research in human lactation. Only four years ago it was clear that we do not yet have sensitive research techniques specif…ically adapted to the study of human milk. This need was addressed by an NIH convened workshop in 1982, the concensus being that appropriate methods have to be developed for the study of the composition of human milk. The progress in the development of these techniques was the subject of the second workshop on human lactation, dedicated specifically to 'Milk Components and Methodologies. ' The workshop was held in Colorado in 1984 and resulted in the publication of the first volume in the series of 'Human Lactation. ' At the Colorado meeting it was readily apparent that considerable progress has been made in the development of sensitive techniques able to quantitate the bioactive components of human milk (enzymes, growth factors, immuno-protective agents) as well as the macro, micro and trace elements. At the Colorado workshop it became clear that these workshops greatly benefit the research of human lactation by enhancing communication and collaboration among the investigators in the field. As a result it was decided to have a future workshop about a year later on the topic of 'Maternal-Environmental Effects on Human Lacta tion', and I was charged with chairing it.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Many modern geneticists attempt to elucidate the molecular basis of phenotype by utilizing a battery of techniques derived from physical chemistry on subcellular components isolated from various species of organisms. Volume 5 of the Handbook of Genetics provides explanations of the advanta…ges and shortcomings of some of these revolutionary tech niques, and the nonspecialist is alerted to key research papers, reviews, and reference works. Much of the text deals with the structure and func tioning of the molecules bearing genetic information which reside in the nucleus and with the processing of this information by the ribosomes resid ing in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. The mitochondria, which also live in the cytoplasm of the cells of all eukaryotes, now appear to be separate little creatures. These, as Lynn Margulis pointed out in Volume 1, are the colonial posterity of migrant prokaryotes, probably primitive bacteria that swam into the ancestral precursors of all eukaryotic cells and remained as symbionts. They have maintained themselves and their ways ever since, replicating their own DNA and transcribing an RNA quite different from that of their hosts. In a similar manner, the chloroplasts in all plants are self-replicating organelles presumably derived from the blue-green algae, with their own nucleic acids and ribosomes. Four chapters are devoted to the nucleic acids and the ribosomal components of both classes of these semi-independent lodgers. Finally, data from various sources on genetic variants of enzymes are tabulated for ready reference, and an evaluation of this information is attempted.
