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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Volume 8 of Advances in Nutritional Research deals with several topics of prime current interest in nutritional research, including the role of nutrition in hypertension, in the infections associated with protein-energy malnu trition, and in pathological conditions associated with the generation of oxygen radicals in the tissues, as well as with topics of ongoing interest. Recent research indicates that reduction of obesity, of alcohol intake, and of sodium intake by salt-sensitive individuals, are the most effective non pharmacological means of reducing high blood pressure. A new approach to therapy for infections caused by protein-energy malnutrition, based on restoration of immunocompetence by administration of thyroid and anti glucocorticoid hormones, is presented. Current research into the role of nutrition in modulating tissue damage caused by oxygen radicals generated in various pathologies is reviewed. Two chapters deal with perinatal nutrition, one with the transfer of nutrients across the placenta and the other with the energy requirements of term and preterm infants. Another dicusses methods of assessing the nutritional status of hospitalized patients. vii Contents Chapter 1. The Transfer of Nutrients across the Perfused Human Placenta . . Joseph Dands 1. Introduction. 1 2. Comments on Comparative Placentology . . . . . . . . . . .- . . 1 . 3. The Perfusion Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . 4. Review of Transfer Experiments . 3 4.1. Transfer of Glutamic Acid . 3 4.2. Transfer of Riboflavin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . 6 . . . 5. Potentials and Umltations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . .References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . .

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Advances in Solar Energy is back on schedule. Volume III contains a number of interesting reviews of the different fields in solar energy conversion. We appreciate the many encouraging comments received after the second volume appeared and have incorporated some of the suggested changes. Even though most of the reviews are invited through our editors, we are always open to suggestion about subjects of importance that are ready for a com prehensive and critical review and have not been recently covered, or about potential authors. I would like to take this opportunity to thank Professor John A. Duffie for his invaluable help in starting the Advances in Solar Energy series. Although he has recently taken full responsibility as editor-in-chief for the Solar Energy Journal, his continued assistance as a member of the Board of Editors is greatly appreciated. The diligent work of the many active editors is gratefully acknowledged and constitutes the basis for a valuable review periodical with outstanding contributions. The typesetting was done by Sandra Pruitt in the Delaware office, using the TEX-program with laser print-out. Her organization and patience in coordinating with the authors, and her technical skill and diligence in preparing the submitted copy permitted the timely and high-quality assembly of this production. We wish to commend her for efforts well beyond the call of duty. The accommodating help from Plenum Press and its production staff deserves our grateful acknowledgement.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book has been written as part of a new series of scientific text-books being published by Plenum Publishing Company Limited. The scope of the series is to review a chosen topic in each volume, and in addition, to present abstracts of the most important references cited in the text. Thus allowing the reader to supplement the information contained within this book without have to refer to many additional publications. This volume is devoted to the subject of Radiation Detectors, known as Photodetectors, and particular emphasis has been placed on devices operating in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Although some detectors which are sensitive at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths, are also described. The existence of the infrared region of the spectrum has been known for almost two hundred years but the development of detectors specifically for these wavelengths was limited for a long time due to technology limitations and difficulties in understanding and explaining the phenomena involved. Significant advances were made during World War II, when the potential military applications of being able 'to see in the dar~' were demonstrated, and this progress has been maintained during the last forty years when many major advances have been achieved, such that the use of photodetectors for both civil and military applications is now relatively common and can be inexpensive.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Wireless personal communications, or wireless as it is now being called, has arrived. The hype is starting to fade, and the hard work of deploying new systems and services for personal communications is underway. In the United States, the FCC propelled the wireless era from infancy to mainstream with a $7.7 billion auction of 60 MHz of radio spectrum in the 180011900 MHz band. With the largest single sale of public property in the history of mankind mostly complete, the resources of the entire world are being called upon to develop inexpensive, rapidly deployable wireless systems and sub scriber units for an industry that is adding subscribers at greater than 50% annual rate. This growth is commonplace for wireless service companies throughout the world, and in the U.S., where as many as 7 licensed wireless service providers may be competing for cellularfPCS customers within the next couple of years, differentiators in cost, qual ity, service, and coverage will become critical to customer acceptance and use. Many of these issues are discussed in the papers included in this book.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Very large scale integration (VLSI) technologies are now maturing with a current emphasis toward submicron structures and sophisticated applications combining digital as well as analog circuits on a single chip. Abundant examples are found on today's advanced systems for telecom munications, robotics, automotive electronics, image processing, intelli gent sensors, etc . Exciting new applications are being unveiled in the field of neural computing where the massive use of analog/digital VLSI technologies will have a significant impact. To match such a fast technological trend towards single chip ana logi digital VLSI systems, researchers worldwide have long realized the vital need of producing advanced computer aided tools for designing both digital and analog circuits and systems for silicon integration. Ar chitecture and circuit compilation, device sizing and the layout genera tion are but a few familiar tasks on the world of digital integrated circuit design which can be efficiently accomplished by matured computer aided tools. In contrast, the art of tools for designing and producing analog or even analogi digital integrated circuits is quite primitive and still lack ing the industrial penetration and acceptance already achieved by digital counterparts. In fact, analog design is commonly perceived to be one of the most knowledge-intensive design tasks and analog circuits are still designed, largely by hand, by expert intimately familiar with nuances of the target application and integrated circuit fabrication process. The techniques needed to build good analog circuits seem to exist solely as expertise invested in individual designers.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the diagnosis or management of particular malignancy The few general oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive; these are more often preliminary reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general journals frequently publish good in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and published symposium lectures are often the best overviews available. Unfortunately, these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered. Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes which aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up to date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the following fashion. First, by dividing the oncology literature into specific subdividions such as lung cancer, genitouri nary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authorities in each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current diagnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities, basic biology, and more.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Cytological screening for the identification of intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix as a precursor lesion for cervical cancer has been well established as an effective means for decreasing the incidence of invasive carcinoma. Despite these screening efforts, carcinoma of the cervix remains one of the more common malignancies in women and it is the leading cause of cancer death in many countries in the western hemisphere. It is estimated that in 1986 there will still be 14,000 new cases of invasive cancer, with 6,800 deaths in the United States alone. Unfortunately, many of these patients present with advanced disease, posing difficult management problems for the clinician responsible for their care. The treatment of early stage invasive carcinoma of the cervix (lesions confined to the cervix and vagina) remains either radical surgery, radical radiation therapy or a combination thereof This approach is extraordinarily effective in the vast majority of patients. However, there remains a subset of patients with early stage disease that are at high risk for recurrence. Dr Kjorstad (Chapter 2) has identified adenocarcinomas and adenosqua mous carcinomas as having a particularly poor prognosis. In addition, patients with more than three positive lymph nodes or with involvement of lymph nodes outside of the pelvis have a very poor prognosis. He has iden tified the CEA as a potentially predictive marker for these patients with poor prognosis, especially in patients with adenocarcinomas.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the diag nosis or management of a particular malignancy The few general oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive; these are more often preliminary reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general journals fre quently publish good in-depth reviews of cancer topics, and published sym posium lectures are often the best overviews available. Unfortunately, these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered. Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes which aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up to date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the following fashion. First, by di viding the oncology literature into specific subdivisions such as lung cancer, genitourinary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authorities in each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current diagnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities, basic biology, and more.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - After the great success of the fIrst issue of the series, the International Yearbook of Nephrology 1989, we were encouraged to proceed in our editorial venture to update nephrologists yearly, on all rapidly-changing areas of nephrology. Thus we have chosen new topics and appointed experts in the fIeld, asking them to give an objective review of the topic, up-dating the readers on the world-wide literature and providing them with a complete, accurate and up-to-date list of important, recent references. We have decided to maintain the successful format of the International Yearbook of Nephrology 1989. Thus each annual issue will be devided into sections; each section will have a different primary focus every year, depending upon what area is of greatest interest at the time. In other words, the Yearbook will remain different from the numerous books which appear every year covering all aspects of nephrology. In the Yearbooks you will fInd topics usually anavailable in nephrology textbooks. In this issue we have improved the printing quality of the book, with a more uniform format throughout the volume, despite the use of camera-ready manuscripts for direct photo-offset reproduction (a procedure mandatory for a rapid publication).

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - For a period of some fifteen years following completion of my internship training in clinical psychology (1950-1951) at the Washington University School of Medicine and my concurrent successful navigation through that school's neuroanatomy course, clinical work in neuropsychology for me and the psychologists of my generation consisted almost exclusively of trying to help our physician colleagues differentiate patients with neurologic from those with psychiatric disorders. In time, experience led all of us from the several disciplines involved in this enterprise to the conclusion that the crude diag nostic techniques available to us circa 1945-1965 had garnered us little valid information upon which to base such complex, differential diagnostic decisions. It now is gratifying to look back and review the remarkable progress that has occurred in the field of clinical neuropsychology in the four decades since I was a graduate student. In the late 1940s such pioneers as Ward Halstead, Alexander Luria, George Yacorzynski, Hans-Lukas Teuber, and Arthur Benton already were involved in clinical studies that, by the late 1960s, would markedly have improved the quality of clinical practice. However, the only psychological tests that the clinical psychologist of my immediate post-Second World War generation had as aids for the diagnosis of neurologically based conditions involving cognitive deficit were such old standbys as the Wechsler Bellevue, Rorschach, Draw A Person, Bender Gestalt, and Graham Kendall Memory for Designs Test.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The last volume dealing with lung cancer in this series in Cancer Treatment and Research was published in 1986 and entitled Lung Cancer: Basic and Clinical Aspects. The present book continues the outline of the previous volume by presenting up-to-date information on lung cancer in critical reviews of new important basic and clinical concepts of lung cancer. The present volume has broadened the scope by also including chapters dealing with issues such as epidemiology, prophylaxis, and histopathology of lung cancer. The content of the book thus reflects the increasing awareness of a global disease that is more and more in focus, not only scientifically but also politically. The latter fact results increasingly in changes in health legisla tion, with prevention measures influencing everyday life. The great interest in the disease is natural, considering that more than one patient dies from lung cancer every minute globally. The first chapter is from the Cancer Unit, WHO, Geneva, and describes in detail the epidemiologic features of lung cancer, which is the second most frequent cancer in the world with 660,500 new cases annually; it will soon surpass stomach cancer as the leader. Thirty-one percent of the cases occur in developing countries, where the increase is especially dramatic.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the diagnosis or management of a particular malignancy The few general oncology text books are generally out of the date. Single papers in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive; these are often preliminary reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general journals frequently publish good in depth reviews of cancer topics, and published symposium lectures are often the best overviewes available. Unfortunately, these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered. Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes which aim to meet this need. it is an attempt to establish a critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up to date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the following fashion. First, by dividing the oncology literature into specific subdivisions such as lung cancer, genito urinary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authori ties in each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an annual or biannual basis. Each optic and tumor type is covered in a volume appear ing frequently and predictably, discussing current diagnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities, basic biology, and more.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The theme of this 14th International Symposium on Blood Transfusion is closely related to the work and scientific contributions of the Dutch cryobiology pioneer Dr. Herman W. Krijnen of the Dutch Red Cross Central Laboratory. Dr. Krijnen was known and respected in the national and interna tional blood transfusion community as an extremely competent scientist and a beloved and admired colleague. Dr. Krijnen was intentionally honoured with the invitation to open this symposium on cryopreservation and low temperature biology in blood transfusion and be the guest of honour at this event. Unfortunately, Dr. Krijnen suddenly died on the first of June 1989. In honour and mem ory of Dr. Krijnen this symposium will therefore be dedicated to him. Since the lOth International Symposium on Blood Transfusion in 1985 highlighted the theme of 'Future developments in blood banking', major changes have occurred in the blood banking world. Most of these changes were forced upon the Blood Banks by the fear of spreading AIDS through contaminated donations. This not only led to the wide spread testing of blood, but also to a more appropriate counselling of the community and the blood donors in specific. Additionally, virus inacti vation techniques were introduced for those components derived from multiple donations and intended for a regular transfusion in haemophi lia patients and others.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The scientists and engineers of today are relentless in their continuing study and analysis of the world about us from the microcosm to the macrocosm. A central purpose of this study is to gain sufficient scientific information and insight to enable the development of both representative and useful models of the superabundance of physical processes that surround us. The engineers need these models and the associated insight in order to build the information processing systems and control systems that comprise these new and emerging technologies. Much of the early modeling work that has been done on these systems has been based on the linear time-invariant system theory and its extensive use of Fourier transform theory for both continuous and discrete systems and signals. However many of the signals arising in nature and real systems are neither stationary nor linear but tend to be concentrated in both time and frequency. Hence a new methodology is needed to take these factors properly into account.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Where do you begin to look for a recent, authoritative article on the diagnosis or management of a particular malignancy The few general oncology textbooks are generally out of date. Single papers in specialized journals are informative but seldom comprehensive; these are more often preliminary reports on a very limited number of patients. Certain general journals frequently publish good indepth reviews of cancer topics, and published symposium lectures are often the best overviews available. Un fortunately, these reviews and supplements appear sporadically, and the reader can never be sure when a topic of special interest will be covered. Cancer Treatment and Research is a series of authoritative volumes which aim to meet this need. It is an attempt to establish a critical mass of oncology literature covering virtually all oncology topics, revised frequently to keep the coverage up-to-date, easily available on a single library shelf or by a single personal subscription. We have approached the problem in the following fashion. First, by dividing the oncology literature into specific subdivisions such as lung cancer, genitourinary cancer, pediatric oncology, etc. Second, by asking eminent authorities in each of these areas to edit a volume on the specific topic on an annual or biannual basis. Each topic and tumor type is covered in a volume appearing frequently and predictably, discussing current diagnosis, staging, markers, all forms of treatment modalities, basic biology, and more.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The value of studies of monotypic populations is constantly argued in bacterial ecology. The controversy itself is evidenceofthe strong awareness that bacterial activities in natural sites are not determined by the bacteria alone. At the same time, the best evidence that bacteria are influenced by environmental factors is the contrast between their behavior in laboratory cultures and their relatively subdued influence when in the presence of com petitors, predators, and fluctuating-often stressful-environmental conditions. Monotypic populations are admittedly reductionist, but are not therefore irrelevant to bacterial ecology. Quite the contrary. Without pure culture studies, our understanding of important and applicable bacterial activities-N fixation, for example-would still be z limited to what we could discern from a comparison of events in steamed vis-a-vis un heated soil. As was evident throughout the previous volume in this treatise, practically any method of studying natural bacterial communities upsets them while permitting only limited assessment of the respective qualities and quantitative contributions to total com munity activity of each type of bacterium present. Total activity itself is difficult to assess and is not dependably accomplished by any single method. This third volume comprises information regarding the properties of bacteria as they have been learned largely from pure culture studies. Its purpose is twofold: to provide readers with fundamental information regarding the cellular organization, physiological capabilities, and genetic systems of bacteria; and to connect known bacterial properties with environmental influences on them and with their influences on natural processes. 408 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In 1969 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society. Air Pollution was from the start one of the priority problems under study within the framework of the pilot studies undertaken by this Committee. The organization of a yearly symposium dealing with air pollution modeling and its application is one of the main activities within the pilot study in relation to air pollution. After being organized for five years by the United States and for five years by the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, represented by the Prime Minister's Office for science Policy, became responsible in 1980 for the organization of this symposium. This volume contains the papers presented at the 14th Inter national Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Appli cation held in Copenhagen, Denmark, from 27th to 30th September 1983. This meeting was jointly organized by the Prime Minister's Office for Science Policy, Belgium, and the National Agency of Environmental Protection, Air Pollution Laboratory, Ris~ National Laboratory, Denmark. The conference was attended by 103 partici pants and 43 papers have been presented. The members of the se lection committee of the 14th I.T.M. were A. Berger (Chairman, Belgium), W. Klug (Federal Republic of Germany), K. Demerjian (United States of America), L. Santomauro (Italy), R. Van Dop (The Netherlands), R.E. Turner (Canada), C. De Wispelaere (Coordinator, Belgium). 836 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The foreword to the 'book of a meeting' is often an excuse for a paen of praise, a homily, or even an apologia - and sometimes a combination of all three. While certain traditions have been dispensed with in this volume the standard pattern for the foreword has its advantages, so here at least tradition will be adhered to - though in reverse order from that stated above. It The apologia can be dismissed briefly, for the editors have explained in their General Introduction that this is not the book of a meeting. All that remains to be added here is a description of the modus operandi. Being aware that speaking and writing are different activities requiring diffe rent presentation, each participant was asked to prepare a script for publication resembling what he would speak about only in outline. It may be that as a result the essays lack detail and are thin under some of the classical headings of scientific writing. So the reader, in turn, is asked to accept this and give his attention instead to the concepts and ideas contained therein. It may even come about that this kind of presentation will in the end result in something less ephemeral than the standard conference proceedings book. Criticism of conference proceedings and the type of meetings that give rise to these little-loved tomes is not a new phenomenom. 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Oilseeds and legumes provide a significant proportion of the protein and energy requirements of the world population. This important new book provides comprehensive details of the main oil seed and legume crops focusing particularly on the nutritional aspects of these crops which are, or have the potential to be, more widely exploited in developing countries where are or have the potential to be, more widely exploited in developing countries where protein and energy malnutrition continue to escalate. The predicted rapid rise of populations in many world regions which are increasingly vulnerable to food shortages means that a full knowledge of the nutritional significance of available crops is vital in helping to prevent potential calamities. Food and Feed from Legumes and Oil Seeds has been written by a team of international contributors, each with direct experience of these important crops and their nutritional merits, and the editors are both international experts in the crops covered. This book will become of great value to nutritionists, food and feed scientists and technologists, agricultural scientists and all those involved with overseas developments and food aid organizations. 444 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -I am very happy to have this opportunity to present the work of Boris Mirkin, a distinguished Russian scholar in the areas of data analysis and decision making methodologies. The monograph is devoted entirely to clustering, a discipline dispersed through many theoretical and application areas, from mathematical statistics and combina torial optimization to biology, sociology and organizational structures. It compiles an immense amount of research done to date, including many original Russian de velopments never presented to the international community before (for instance, cluster-by-cluster versions of the K-Means method in Chapter 4 or uniform par titioning in Chapter 5). The author's approach, approximation clustering, allows him both to systematize a great part of the discipline and to develop many in novative methods in the framework of optimization problems. The optimization methods considered are proved to be meaningful in the contexts of data analysis and clustering. The material presented in this book is quite interesting and stimulating in paradigms, clustering and optimization. On the other hand, it has a substantial application appeal. The book will be useful both to specialists and students in the fields of data analysis and clustering as well as in biology, psychology, economics, marketing research, artificial intelligence, and other scientific disciplines. Panos Pardalos, Series Editor. 448 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The contemplation of truth and beauty is the proper object for which we were created, which calls forth the most intense desires of the soul, and of which it never tires -Hazlitt In his Nobel lecture Purcell commented that when he saw snow in New England after the discovery of NMR, it appeared like 'heaps of protons quietly precessing in earth's magnetic field. ' If he were to make the comment in the context of how NMR is being used today, he could have conjured up an image of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen nuclei in proteins of an earthbound 8rganism subtly orchestrating a quiet symphony of frequencies, from 150 Hz to 2 kHz, carrying clues to the three-dimensional structure of the macromolecules. The manner in which the basic discoveries of Bloch and Purcell have led to the emergence of NMR, several decades later, as a major technique of biological and medical physics (and chemistry) is a striking example of the power of basic research. It is also a fascinating saga whereby whenever it was felt that the field had reached a plateau, new directions, new technologies, and sometimes serendipity produced new developments that revolutionized the technique and enhanced its capability. As Richard Ernst points out 'NMR is intellectually attractive, . . . the practical importance of NMR is enormous, and can justify much of the playful activities of an addicted spectroscopist' (Nobel lecture). 396 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Evolutionary Biology,ofwhichthisisthetwenty-thirdvolume,continues toofferitsreadersawiderangeoforiginalarticles,reviews,andcom mentariesonevolution,inthebroadestsenseofthatterm. Thetopicsof thereviewsrangefromanthropology,molecularevolution,andpaleo biologytoprinciplesofsystematics. Inrecentvolumes,abroadspectrumofarticleshaveappearedon suchsubjectsasbiochemicalsystematics,comparativemorphologyand embryology,evolutionaryecology,biogeography,andpaleobiology. We havealsoattemptedtoprovideaforumforconflictingideas. Articlessuch asthese,oftentoolongforstandardjournals,arethematerialfor Evo lutionary Biology. Theeditorscontinuetosolicitmanuscriptsonaninternationalscale inanefforttoseethateveryoneofthemanyfacetsofbiologicalevolution iscovered. Manuscriptsshouldbesenttoeitherofthefollowing:Max K. Hecht,DepartmentofBiology,QueensCollegeoftheCityUniversity ofNewYork,Flushing,NewYork11367,orBruceWallace,Department ofBiology,VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity,Blacks burg,Virginia24061. TheeditorswishtocongratulateDr. GhilleanT. Pranceonhisnew appointmentatKewBotanicalGardensandthankhimforhiscollabo rativeeffortsineditingthepastninevolumes. TheEditors vII Contents 1. MaintenanceofaHereditaryVirus:TheSigmaVirusin PopulationsofItsHost, Drosophila melanogaster 1 Annie Fleuriet Introduction 1 FrenchPopulationsof Drosophila melanogaster. . . . . . . . . . . 2 PolymorphismofPopulations 2 CharacteristicsofWildStrainsoftheSigmaVirus 3 EffectsoftheInfectionuponCarriers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 ExperimentalPopulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 MaintenanceoftheVirusinFrenchNaturalPopulations. . . 12 GeographicalVariationofthe Drosophila-SigmaSystem 14 PolymorphismofPopulations 14 ViralCharacteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 TentativeInterpretationoftheGeographicalPatternObserved 18 OtherSystemsofVerticallyTransmittedViruses 22 ExistenceofDifferentSensitivitiestotheVirus 22 CharacteristicsoftheViruses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 MaintenanceintheVectorPopulation 24 Appendix:TransmissionofStabilizedandNonstabilized Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Self-MaintenanceofStabilizedConditionthroughMaternal Lineage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 NonstabilizedCondition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 References 28 2. Domestication:EvolutionaryChangeunderStress 31 M. J. Kohane and P. A. Parsons Introduction 31 EnvironmentalChangeandDomestication 33 Ix x Contents EcologicalPhenotypes 33 BehavioralPhenotypes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 AdaptationtoLaboratoryConditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 ACaseStudy:DomesticationinFoxes 41 Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 References 46 3. RangeExpansionandItsGeneticConsequencesinPopulationsof theGiantToad, Bufo marinus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Simon Easteal Introduction 49 TheSpreadof Bufo marinus 50 TheIntroductions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 TheAustralianRangeExpansion 52 GeneticVariationintheIntroducedPopulations. . . . . . . . . . . 58 TheData. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 GeneticVariability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 EffectivePopulationSize 62 Dispersal,GeneFlow,andNeighborhoodSize 63 TheGeneticEffectsofRangeExpansion 64 GeographicalPatternsofVariation 74 Conclusion 81 References 82 4. EvolutionbySocialSelection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Shozo Yokoyama Introduction 85 ConceptofSocialSelection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 EvidenceforSocialSelection ; . . . . . . . . . . .

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Although there are over 400,000 people each year in the United States alone who suffer from traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS), no phar macological treatment is currently available. Considering the enormity of the problem in terms of human tragedy as well as the economic burden to families and societies alike, it is surprising that so little effort is being made to develop treatments for these disorders. Although no one can become inured to the victims of brain or spinal cord injuries, one reason that insufficient time and effort have been devoted to research on recovery is that it is a generally held medical belief that nervous system injuries are simply not amenable to treatment. At best, current therapies are aimed at providing symptomatic relief or focus on re habilitative measures and the teaching of alternative behavioral strategies to help patients cope with their impairments, with only marginal results in many cases. Only within the last decade have neuroscientists begun to make serious inroads into understanding and examining the inherent 'plasticity' found in the adult CNS. Ten years or so ago, very few researchers or clinicians would have thought that damaged central neurons could sprout new terminals or that intact nerve fibers in a damaged pathway could proliferate to replace inputs from neurons that died as a result of injury. 412 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Decoding the significance of proteinuria as an indicator of severity or prognosis in kidney disease is a stimulating challenge to students and practitioners of nephrology. Sir Richard Bright in 1827 associated pro with the disease that bears his name. In the subsequent more teinuria than a century and a half, however, the meaning of the linkage between proteinuria and renal disease remains elusive. Proteinuria is discovered on routine urinalysis in about 10 million Americans, most of whom express no symptoms of kidney disease, each year. From the studies of Robinson (updated in these pages), we know that proteinuria, per se, can be present for 20 years without change in re nal function, as described in orthostatic proteinuria. By contrast, pro teinuria may be the harbinger of swift kidney destruction, rarely cul minating in clinical collapse, a syndrome typifying 'malignant proteinuria' as detailed herein by Avram. Although proteinuria is ubiquitous, an orderly management strategy for rational handling of proteinuria of less than nephrotic range is lack ing. Separation of tubular proteinuria and transient proteinuria of fever is now possible routinely. This book provides a record of the contribu tions of investigators and clinicians whose work forms the substrate for production of understanding and, ultimately, marching orders for prac titioners seeking optimized management for their proteinuric patients. 252 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The papers published herein comprise the presentations given at the eighteenth of an annual series of clinical symposia arranged under the auspices of the Eastern Pennsylvania Branch of the American Society for Microbiology. This symposium allowed approximately 200 persons to gather and exchange ideas on the rapid laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases. The institution of the Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) method for reimbursement by both government agencies and private insurance carriers has provided a financial aspect to the established clinical reasons for rapid laboratory diagnosis. Now the health of the institution, as well as the patient, is dependent on a timely diagnosis and, hopefully, cure. Accordingly, the goal of this symposium was to present the latest developments in 'same-day microbiology'. In the face of stable or diminishing resources, the laboratory director is presented with many choices. Do nucleic acid probes, non instrumental ELISA techniques, or time-resolved fluorometry have a place in his or her laboratory Should the laboratory test for newly described human pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus or human papilloma virus Can rapid techniques supplant conventional methods Or are they merely adjunctive This symposium attempted to assist in the formulation of informed decisions. Bruce Kleger Donald Jungkind Eileen Rinks Linda A. Miller vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank the Eastern Pennsylvania Branch of t~e American Society for Microbiology for sponsoring this symposium and for making this publication possible. We especially thank the Symposium Committee for their diligent work in organizing an informative and successful symposium. 164 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -'Psychopharmacology of the Aging Nervous System' was selected as the topic for Volume 20 of the Handbook of PsychopharmacoloffY. Senile dementia is now widely recognized as a medical and social problem likely to reach epidemic proportions by the turn of the century. By that time it is esti mated that almost 20% of the population in most developed countries will be over the age of 65 and at a conservative estimate 1 in 10 of them will suffer from a dementing illness. Many symposia have appeared over the last few years describing the neuropathological and neurochemical deficiencies in Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, the neuropsychological features of the disease, and attempts to treat it. In this volume, we have selected topics and authors who are beginning to question some of the earlier assumptions and to ask different questions about dementia. In the first four chapters the neuropathology and neu rochemistry of dementia are reevaluated. It is important to understand the relationship between the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the progressive degeneration in cortex, and the neurochemical deafferentation of cortex. In particular, the possibility is considered that the most severe pathology is seen in a well-defined limbo/cortical circuitry known to be involved in mnemonic processing. The growing interest in the genetic determinants of familial Alz heimer's is reviewed. It is also recognized that detailed comparisons of the neural and psychological characteristics of the various degenerative dis eases that impair cognitive processing may be valuable. 504 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Opening Session.- Ultrasonic Therapy and Imaging in Ophthalmology.- Resolution Limits of Acoustical Echo Systems.- Modeling 1.- The Acoustic Response of a Sphere in a Two-layer Half-space.- The Bandlimited Pulse from a Dynamite Source in an Elastic Medium.- Changes in Seismic Pulse Forms due to Diffraction Effects (Abstract).- Seismic Analysis of Thin Beds aided by 3D Physical Model Experiments.- Inversion 1.- Resolution in Sonar Systems ¿ a Review.- Experience with a Long Streamer in Seismic Exploration.- Aspects of Spatial Resolution for Long-range, Low-frequency Imaging of the Sea Floor.- Inversion 2.- Acoustical Surveying of Porous Soils.- Reconstruction of One-dimensional Inhomogeneities in Elastic Modulus and Density from Measurements of Acoustic Resonances.- Application of the Phase Closure Technique to Passive Acoustic Imaging through Inhomogeneous Media.- Inversion 3.- Practical Aspects of Spatial Resolution as Applied to Seismic Imaging (Abstract).- Angular Spectrum Decomposition: Improving the Resolution.- Spatial Resolution of Migration Algorithms.- Ray Tracing and Seismic Modeling.- Inversion 4.- Numerically Efficient Full Wavefield Approach to Synthetic Seismogram Computation.- Well-resolved and Poorly-resolved Features in Seismic Reflection Tomography (Abstract).- Resolution Limits in Inversion by Parameter Estimation.- Resolution Enhancement of Processed Seismic Data using Prior Weighting Functions.- Inversion 5.- Scanned Microscopy Techniques.- Imaging with Holosaft.- Recovery of Ultrasonic Impulse Response by Spectral Extrapolation.- Inversion 6.- Numerical Performance of The Schur Algorithm in Seismic Inversion and Continuous-time Prediction Problems.- Time Domain Diffraction Tomography.- Generalized Tomography as an Unified Approach to Linear Inverse Scattering: Theory and Experiment.- Image Reconstruction Fidelity using the Born and Rytov Approximations.- Inversion 7.- Ambiguity Functions for Diffraction Tomography using Back-and-forth Propagation.- Image Reconstruction for Planar Acoustic Tomography using Hexagonal Arrays.- Optimal Observation Angles for Planar Tomography in STAM System.- Acoustic and Thermal Wave Microscopy.- Instrumentation 1.- Spatial Resolution of Thermal-wave and Thermo-acoustic Microscopes.- Ultrasonic Waveforms i n Metal Plates using Laser Generation and EMAT Detection.- Spatial Resolution of Subsurface Structure in Photothermal Imaging.- Toward Quantitative Imaging with the Acoustic Microscope.- Inversion 8.- Diagnostic Ultrasound: History, Transducers, Artefacts and New Applications.- Speckle Reduction in Pulse-echo Images by Using Phase Insensitive Summation and Multiplicative Techniques.- Limited Angle Reflection Mode Computerized Tomography.- Combined Shear-compression Ultrasound Reflection Tomography.- Inversion 9.- Acousto-optic Deconvolution for Real-time Echography.- Prior Inverse Filtering for High Resolution Pulse-Echo Images.- Attenuation Correction using Mellin Transform.- Two-dimensional Wiener Inverse Filtering in Echographyc Imaging: Possibilities and Restrictions.- Information Extraction.- Spatial Resolution in Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Texture Analysis (Abstract).- Texture in B-mode Echograms: a Simulation Study of the Effects of Diffraction and of Scatterer Density on Gray Scale Statistics.- Ultrasonic Imaging using the Instantaneous Frequency of Pulse-echo Signals.- Theory of Q ¿ profiling.- Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization Imaging (Abstract).- Modeling 2.- Modeling of Elastic Wave Phenomena near a Plane Interface.- Propagation of Transient Acoustic Waves in Lossy and Lossless Media.- Diffraction Impulse Response of Non-planar Transducers.- Ultrasonic Defect Positioning by Non-linear Least Squares Curve Fitting.- Instrumentation 2.- A High Spatial Resolution Digital System for Ultrasonic Imaging.- Imaging of Complex Structures by 3D-MIgration Techniques (Abstract).- 1 MHz Ultrasonic Transducer Op.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The proceedings of the 'International Conference on Spin Observables of Nuclear Probes' are presented in this volume. This conference was held in Telluride, Colorado, March 14-17, 1988, and was the fourth in the Telluride series of nuclear physics conferences. A continuing theme in the Telluride conference series has been the complementarity of various intermediate-energy projectiles for elucidating the nucleon-nucleon interaction and nuclear structure. Earlier conferences have contributed significantly to an understanding of spin currents in nuclei, in particular the distribution of Gamow-Teller strength using charge-exchange reactions. The previous conference on 'Antinucleon and Nucleon Nucleus Interactions' compared nuclear information from tra tional probes to recent results from antinucleon reactions. The 1988 conference on Spin Observables of Nuclear Probes, put special emphasis on spin observables and brought together experts using spin information to probe nuclear structure. Spin observables have provided very detailed information about nuclear structure and reactions. Since the 1985 Telluride conference we have seen data from new focal plane polarimeters at LAMPF, TRIUMF, IUCF and elsewhere. In addition, spin observables provide an important common ground between electron and hadron scattering physics. In the future we look forward to new facilities such as NTOF for polarized neutron measurements at Los Alamos and a vigorous spin program at CEBAF. 476 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In 1992 two successive symposia were held in Japan on algorithms, fractals and dynamical systems. The first one was Hayashibara Forum '92: International Symposium on New Bases for Engineering Science, Algorithms, Dynamics and Fractals held at Fujisaki Institute of Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, Inc. in Okayama during November 23-28 in which 49 mathematicians including 19 from abroad participated. They include both pure and applied mathematicians of diversified backgrounds and represented 11 coun tries. The organizing committee consisted of the following domestic members and Mike KEANE from Delft: Masayosi HATA, Shunji ITO, Yuji ITO, Teturo KAMAE (chairman), Hitoshi NAKADA, Satoshi TAKAHASHI, Yoichiro TAKAHASHI, Masaya YAMAGUTI The second one was held at the Research Institute for Mathematical Science at Kyoto University from November 30 to December 2 with emphasis on pure mathematical side in which more than 80 mathematicians participated. This volume is a partial record of the stimulating exchange of ideas and discussions which took place in these two symposia. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The volume is almost entirely composed of the research and expository papers by the participants of the International Workshop 'Groups, Rings, Lie and Hopf Algebras', which was held at the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada. All four areas from the title of the workshop are covered. In addition, some chapters touch upon the topics, which belong to two or more areas at the same time. Audience: The readership targeted includes researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in mathematics and its applications. 256 pp. Englisch.