springer springer nov 1993 (243 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The monograph is a study of the local bifurcations ofmultiparameter symplectic maps of arbitrary dimension in theneighborhood of a fixed point.The problem is reduced to astudy of critical points of an equivariant gradientbifurcation problem, using the correspondence between orbitsofa symplectic map and critical points of an actionfunctional. New results onsingularity theory forequivariant gradient bifurcation problems are obtained andthen used to classify singularities of bifurcating period-qpoints. Of particular interest is that a general frameworkfor analyzing group-theoretic aspects and singularities ofsymplectic maps (particularly period-q points) is presented.Topics include: bifurcations when the symplectic map hasspatial symmetry and a theory for the collision ofmultipliers near rational points with and without spatialsymmetry. The monograph also includes 11 self-containedappendices each with a basic result on symplectic maps. Themonograph will appeal to researchers and graduate studentsin the areas of symplectic maps, Hamiltonian systems,singularity theory and equivariant bifurcation theory.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Upcoming Numerical Linear Algebra Issues in Systems and Control Theory (P. Van Dooren). Sidestepping the Certainty Equivalence in 2DOF Adaptive Control Via the Multiple Implicit Identifiers (E. Mosca et al.). Complexity of Dynamic Models for Intelligent Control (K.M. Hangos). The Most Simple Systolic Architectures for Parallel Probabalistic Searching Algorithms (I. Kramosil). On the Riemannian Interpretation of the GaussNewton Algorithm (B. Hanzon, R.L.M. Peeters). A Numerical Method for Computing the Approximate Solution of the InfiniteDimensional DiscreteTime Optimal Linear Filtering Problem (L. Jetto). Smart Matrices (P. Kovanic). Branch and Bound Algorithm for Global Optimization in Control Theory (S. Balemi, V. Balakrishnan). Mapping LQ Control Design on FixedSize Array Processors (L. Chisci, G. Zappa). Identification of DataCompatible Models for Control Applications (R.P. Guidorzi, A. Stoian). 19 additional articles. Index.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Liquid crystals, widely used in displays for electronic equipment and other applications, have highly unusual properties arising from the anisotropy of their molecules. It appears that some aspects of the fluid dynamics of liquid crystals, such as their viscosity, can be understood only by considering the role played by thermal fluctuations. In order to provide a theoretical framework for understanding the experimental results, the authors devote a large part of the book to a derivation of the nonlinear dynamic equations and to a discussion of linearized equations for the various types of liquid crystals. The diagrammatic and other techniques they use are of general use in condensed matter physics, and this exposition should thus be of interest to all condensed-matter theorists.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The intense drive for signal integrity has been at the forefront ofrapid and new developments in CAD algorithms. Thousands ofengineers, intent on achieving the best design possible, use SPICE on a daily basis for analog simulation and general circuit analysis. But the strained demand for high data speeds, coupled with miniaturizationon an unprecedented scale, has highlighted the previously negligible effects of interconnects; effects which are not always handled appro priately by the present levels of SPICE. Signals at these higher speeds may be degraded by long interconnect lengths compared to the increasingly shorter sig nal rise times. Interconnect structures can be diverse (pins, connectors, leads, microstrips, striplines, etc. ) and present at any of the hierarchical packaging levels: integrated circuits, printed circuit boards, multi-chip modules or sys tem backplanes. Analysis of these effects in any CAD package has become a necessity. Asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) and other moment matching tech niques have recently proven useful in the analysis of interconnect structures and various networks containing large linear structures with nonlinear termi nations. Previously, all that was available to the designer was a full SPICE simulation or a quick but uncertain timing estimation. Moment matching, used in linear systems analysis as a method of model reduction, describes a method to extract a small set of dominant poles from a large network. The information is obtained from the Taylor series coefficients (moments) of that system.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The articles presented here were selected from preliminary versions presented at the International Conference on Genetic Algorithms in June 1991, as well as at a special Workshop on Genetic Algorithms for Machine Learning at the same Conference. Genetic algorithms are general-purpose search algorithms that use principles inspired by natural population genetics to evolve solutions to problems. The basic idea is to maintain a population of knowledge structure that represent candidate solutions to the problem of interest. The population evolves over time through a process of competition (i.e. survival of the fittest) and controlled variation (i.e. recombination and mutation). Genetic Algorithms for Machine Learning contains articles on three topics that have not been the focus of many previous articles on GAs, namely concept learning from examples, reinforcement learning for control, and theoretical analysis of GAs. It is hoped that this sample will serve to broaden the acquaintance of the general machine learning community with the major areas of work on GAs. The articles in this book address a number of central issues in applying GAs to machine learning problems. For example, the choice of appropriate representation and the corresponding set of genetic learning operators is an important set of decisions facing a user of a genetic algorithm. The study of genetic algorithms is proceeding at a robust pace. If experimental progress and theoretical understanding continue to evolve as expected, genetic algorithms will continue to provide a distinctive approach to machine learning. Genetic Algorithms for Machine Learning is an edited volume of original research made up of invited contributions by leading researchers.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The quest for higher performance digital systems for applications such as gen eral purpose computing, signal/image processing, and telecommunications and an increasing cost consciousness have led to a major thrust for high speed VLSI systems implemented in inexpensive and widely available technologies such as CMOS. This monograph, based on the first author's doctoral dissertation, con centrates on the technique of wave pipelining as one method toward achieving this goal. The primary focus of this monograph is to provide a coherent pre sentation of the theory of wave pipelined operation of digital circuits and to discuss practical design techniques for the realization of wave pipelined circuits in the CMOS technology. Wave pipelining can be applied to a variety of cir cuits for increased performance. For example, many architectures that support systolic computation lend themselves to wave pipelined realization. Also, the wave pipeline design methodology emphasizes the role of controlled clock skew in extracting enhanced performance from circuits that are not deeply pipelined. Wave pipelining (also known as maximal rate pipelining) is a timing method ology used in digital systems to increase the number of effective pipeline stages without increasing the number of physical registers in the pipeline. Using this technique, new data is applied to the inputs of a combinational logic block be fore the outputs due to previous inputs are available thus effectively pipelining the combinational logic and maximizing the utilization of the logic.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The principal aim of this book is to help practising managers to develop and implement a strategy for the introduction of Total Quality Management (TQM) within their own organizations. It provides a practical guide to the stages, key considerations and potential pitfalls of implementation.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Since the limnological research on the man-made Brokopondo Reservoir in the 'sixties, numerous data have been collected on the ecology of Surinam rivers and swamps. This book is a compilation of these data: it is the first comprehensive survey of the aquatic ecology of one of the peripheral areas of Amazonia. The geomorphology of the country, situated on the Guyana Shield, is the main factor determining the limnological properties of rivers and creeks. This results in an overall picture that is quite different from Amazonia. The emphasis of The Ecosystems of Suriname is on the living aquatic resources, including aquatic and swamp vegetation, phyto and zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles and mammals. Although most of Suriname is still in a pristine state, the human impact on fresh waters is considerable in those areas of rapid economic development, emphasizing the necessity of conservation measures, specially tailored for aquatic ecosystems. The Ecosystems of Suriname is a valuable acquisition for all scientists, environmental managers and others interested in tropical aquatic ecology.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book contains the proceedings of the first large IAU Symposium dedicated to the bulges of spiral galaxies. Detailed attention is paid to the bulge of our Milky Way system, one of the major building blocks of this system. Topics include the definition of the bulge in our Galaxy and its relation to the so-called spheroid. Discussions are presented to the stars contained in this bulge, their astrophysical properties and their motions. Metallicity variations appear to be present. The possible existence of a bar in the bulge and its origin and future are discussed. The same topics are discussed in (necessarily) less detail for the bulges of other galaxies. The book contains invited reviews given by N. Arimoto, F. Bertola, H. Dejonghe, T. de Zeeuw, M. Franx, I.S. Glass, H.J. Habing, I. King, J. Kormendy, G.W. Preston, R.M. Rich, G. Stansinska, D.M. Terndrup, and P. Whitelock; the Conference Summary is written by K.C. Freeman.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Reversible grammar allows computational models to be built that are equally well suited for the analysis and generation of natural language utterances. This task can be viewed from very different perspectives by theoretical and computational linguists, and computer scientists. The papers in this volume present a broad range of approaches to reversible, bi-directional, and non-directional grammar systems that have emerged in recent years. This is also the first collection entirely devoted to the problems of reversibility in natural language processing. Most papers collected in this volume are derived from presentations at a workshop held at the University of California at Berkeley in the summer of 1991 organised under the auspices of the Association for Computational Linguistics. This book will be a valuable reference to researchers in linguistics and computer science with interests in computational linguistics, natural language processing, and machine translation, as well as in practical aspects of computability.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Didactics of Mathematics as a Scientific Discipline describes the state of the art in a new branch of science. Starting from a general perspective on the didactics of mathematics, the 30 original contributions to the book, drawn from 10 different countries, go on to identify certain subdisciplines and suggest an overall structure or `topology' of the field. The book is divided into eight sections: (1) Preparing Mathematics for Students; (2) Teacher Education and Research on Teaching; (3) Interaction in the Classroom; (4) Technology and Mathematics Education; (5) Psychology of Mathematical Thinking; (6) Differential Didactics; (7) History and Epistemology of Mathematics and Mathematics Education; (8) Cultural Framing of Teaching and Learning Mathematics. Didactics of Mathematics as a Scientific Discipline is required reading for all researchers into the didactics of mathematics, and contains surveys and a variety of stimulating reflections which make it extremely useful for mathematics educators and teacher trainers interested in the theory of their practice. Future and practising teachers of mathematics will find much to interest them in relation to their daily work, especially as it relates to the teaching of different age groups and ability ranges. The book is also recommended to researchers in neighbouring disciplines, such as mathematics itself, general education, educational psychology and cognitive science.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This volume is made up of papers presented at the Second International Altschul Symposium: Biology and Pathology of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions. The symposium was held in Saskatoon, Canada at the University of Saskatchewn in May, 1992 in memory of Rudolf Altschul, a graduate of the University of Prague and a pioneer in the fields of the biology of the vascular and nervous systems. Dr. Altschul was Professor and Head of the Department of Anatomy at the University of Saskatchewan from 1955 to 1963. The Altschul Symposia were made possible by an endowment left by Anni Altschul and by other contributions. The symposia are held biennially. One of the greatest challenges for present day scientists is to uncover the mechanisms of brain function. Although cellular anatomy of the nervous system has already been well outlined and indeed was delineated by the beginning of the century, experimental analysis of the function of the brain is relatively recent. The framework of the brain is made up of stellate cells, the astrocytes, which are interconnected by means of their processes, thus presenting a meshwork through which the neurons send their axons, accompanied by oligodendrocytes. Microglia are distributed throughout the brain.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences contains a series of explorations of the different ways in which the social sciences have interacted with the natural sciences. Usually, such interactions are considered to go only `one way': from the natural to the social sciences. But there are several important essays in this volume which show how developments in the social sciences have affected the natural sciences - even the `hard' science of physics. Other essays deal with various types of interaction since the Scientific Revolution. In his general introductory chapter, Cohen sets some general themes concerning analogies and homologies and the use of metaphors, drawing specific examples from the use of concepts of physics by marginalist economists and of developments in the life sciences by organismic sociologists. The remaining chapters, which explore the different ways in which the social sciences and the natural sciences have actually interacted, are written by leaders in the field of history of science, drawn from a wide range of countries and disciplines. The book will be of great interest to all historians of science, philosophers interested in questions of methodology, economists and sociologists, and all social scientists concerned with the history of their subject and its foundations.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Symmetry has a strong impact on the number and shape ofsolutions to variational problems. This has been observed,for instance, in the search for periodic solutions ofHamiltonian systems or of the nonlinear wave equation; whenone is interested in elliptic equations on symmetric domainsor in the corresponding semiflows; and when one is lookingfor 'special' solutions of these problems.This book is concerned with Lusternik-Schnirelmann theoryand Morse-Conley theory for group invariant functionals.These topological methods are developed in detail with newcalculations of the equivariant Lusternik-Schnirelmanncategory and versions of the Borsuk-Ulam theorem for verygeneral classes of symmetry groups. The Morse-Conley theoryis applied to bifurcation problems, in particular to thebifurcation of steady states and hetero-clinic orbits ofO(3)-symmetric flows; and to the existence of periodicsolutions nearequilibria of symmetric Hamiltonian systems.Some familiarity with the usualminimax theory and basicalgebraic topology is assumed. 168 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The book concerns limit theorems and laws of large numbersfor scaled unionsof independent identically distributedrandom sets. These results generalizewell-known facts fromthe theory of extreme values. Limiting distributions (calledunion-stable) are characterized and found explicitly formany examples of random closed sets. The speed ofconvergence in the limit theorems for unions is estimated bymeans of the probability metrics method.It includes theevaluation of distances between distributions of randomsets constructed similarly to the well-known distancesbetween distributions of random variables. The techniquesinclude regularly varying functions, topological propertiesof the space of closed sets, Choquet capacities, convexanalysis and multivalued functions.Moreover, the concept of regular variation is elaborated formultivalued (set-valued) functions. Applications of thelimit theorems to simulation of random sets, statisticaltests, polygonal approximations of compacts, limit theoremsfor pointwise maxima of random functions are considered.Several open problems are mentioned.Addressed primarily to researchers in the theory of randomsets, stochastic geometry and extreme value theory, the bookwill also be of interest to applied mathematicians workingon applications of extremal processes and their spatialcounterparts. The book is self-contained, and no familiaritywith the theory of random sets is assumed. 168 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The book is devoted to partial differential equations ofHamiltonian form, close to integrable equations. For suchequations a KAM-like theorem is proved, stating thatsolutions of the unperturbed equation that are quasiperiodicin time mostly persist in the perturbed one. The theorem isapplied to classical nonlinear PDE's with one-dimensionalspace variable such as the nonlinear string and nonlinearSchr|dinger equation andshow that the equations have'regular' (=time-quasiperiodic and time-periodic) solutionsin rich supply.These results cannot be obtained by other techniques. Thebook will thus be of interest to mathematicians andphysicists working with nonlinear PDE's.An extensivesummary of the results and of related topics isprovided in the Introduction. All the nontraditionalmaterial used is discussed in the firstpart of the book andin five appendices. 132 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Analytic number theory and part of the spectral theory ofoperators (differential, pseudo-differential, ellipticetc.) are being merged under amore general analytic theoryof regularized products of certain sequences satisfying afew basic axioms. The most basic examples consist of thesequence of natural numbers, the sequence of zeros withpositive imaginary part of the Riemann zeta function, andthe sequence of eigenvalues, say of a positive Laplacian ona compact or certain cases of non-compact manifolds. Theresulting theory is applicable to ergodic theory anddynamical systems; to the zeta and L-functions of numbertheory or representation theory and modular forms; toSelberg-like zeta functions; andto the theory ofregularized determinants familiar in physics and other partsof mathematics. Aside from presenting a systematic accountof widely scattered results, the theory also provides newresults. One part of the theory deals with complex analyticproperties, and another part deals with Fourier analysis.Typical examples are given. This LNM provides basic resultswhich are and will be used in further papers, starting witha general formulation of Cram r's theorem and explicitformulas. The exposition is self-contained (except forfar-reaching examples), requiring only standard knowledge ofanalysis. 140 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume represents a part of the main result obtained bya group of French probabilists, together with thecontributions of a number of colleagues, mainly from the USAand Japan.All the papers present new results obtained during theacademic year 1991-1992. The main themes of the papers are:quantum probability (P.A. Meyer and S. Attal), stochasticcalculus (M. Nagasawa, J.B. Walsh, F. Knight, to name a fewauthors), fine properties of Brownian motion (Bertoin,Burdzy, Mountford), stochastic differential geometry(Arnaudon, Elworthy), quasi-sure analysis (Lescot, Song,Hirsch).Taken all together, the papers contained in this volumereflect the main directions of the most up-to-date researchin probability theory.FROM THE CONTENTS: J.P. Ansal, C. Stricker: Unicite etexistence de la loi minimale.- K. Kawazu, H. Tanaka: On themaximum of a diffusion process in a drifted Brownianenvironment.- P.A. Meyer: Representation de martingalesd'operateurs, d'apres Parthasarathy-Sinha.- K. Burdzy:Excursion laws and exceptional points on Brownian paths.- X.Fernique: Convergence en loi de variables aleatoires et defonctions aleatoires, proprietes de compacite des lois, II.-M. Nagasawa: Principle ofsuperposition and interference ofdiffusion processes.- F. Knight: Some remarks on mutualwindings.- S. Song: Inegalites relatives aux processusd'Ornstein-Ulhenbeck a n-parametres et capacite gaussiennec (n,2).- S. Attal, P.A. Meyer: Interpretation probabilisteet extension des integrales stochastiques non commutatives.-J. Azema, Th. Jeulin, F. Knight,M. Yor: Le theoreme d'arreten une fin d'ensemble previsible. 340 pp. Englisch, Französisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In this text which gradually develops the tools for formulating and manipulating the field equations of Continuum Mechanics, the mathematics of tensor analysis is introduced in four, well-separated stages, and the physical interpretation and application of vectors and tensors are stressed throughout. This new edition contains more exercises. In addition, the author has appended a section on Differential Geometry. 132 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The monograph is a study of the local bifurcations ofmultiparameter symplectic maps of arbitrary dimension in theneighborhood of a fixed point.The problem is reduced to astudy of critical points of an equivariant gradientbifurcation problem, using the correspondence between orbitsofa symplectic map and critical points of an actionfunctional. New results onsingularity theory forequivariant gradient bifurcation problems are obtained andthen used to classify singularities of bifurcating period-qpoints. Of particular interest is that a general frameworkfor analyzing group-theoretic aspects and singularities ofsymplectic maps (particularly period-q points) is presented.Topics include: bifurcations when the symplectic map hasspatial symmetry and a theory for the collision ofmultipliers near rational points with and without spatialsymmetry. The monograph also includes 11 self-containedappendices each with a basic result on symplectic maps. Themonograph will appeal to researchers and graduate studentsin the areas of symplectic maps, Hamiltonian systems,singularity theory and equivariant bifurcation theory. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The language of business and management, and of infor mation technology, is being employed across all sectors of economic and social activity. In recent years computers and information technology (IT) in general have moved from being a scarce resource to being a more generally available commodity, without a corresponding increase in understanding of how the new generation of tools can be used. IT is available on individual desktops, supporting decision making and communication, but often conven tional organizations have failed to adapt, individuals lack competence and confidence, and senior managers lack both the strategic insight to develop appropriate strategies and the humility to accept that they need to learn. As each sector, whether business, education, public sec tor management or the community and voluntary sector, realizes that the potential of IT is not being exploited to the full, calls are issued for the development of new 'hybrid managers', a term coined to describe the gap in understanding and competence that is to be filled. The two editors work in the hybrid field of business information technology, which is a melting pot of ideas and experience from numerous traditional disciplines. The pace of change is such that no one individual could ever be abreast of all technical and business develop ments, but the field is now sufficiently mature for us to identify certain underlying issues and principles, and areas of research for the coming years. 300 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains expanded and updated versions of paperspresented at CIKM 92, the First International Conference onInformation and Knowledge Management, held in Baltimore,Maryland, in November 1992. The conference participants camefrom the fields of database management, informationretrieval, and artificial intelligence. A major theme in thevolume is how these fields are merging and enriching eachother. Theeight papers discuss: discovering context in aconceptual schema; a system for face information retrieval;queries in OODB systems; consistency checking in OODBs;integrity constraints representation in OODBs; a frameworkfor temporal object databases; inductive dependencies andapproximate databases; OODB design methodologies. 156 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the background texts for an IFIPState-of-the-Art Seminar on Formal Program Development, heldin early 1992 near Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.The book stems from work done by IFIP Working Group 2.1 onAlgorithmic Languages and Calculi. Since 1975, the WorkingGroup has increasingly focused on systematic approaches toprogramming and on appropriate concepts and notations tosupport such approaches. Today, the calculation of programsfrom specifications constitutes the central theme ofthegroup's work. Thus the core interests of the group are:- formal specification of solutions to problems, and- formal development/calculationof programs from suchspecifications. 388 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the proceedings of the ThirdInternational Conference on Deductive and Object-OrientedDatabases. Its central tenet is that the object-oriented anddeductive paradigms for modeling, organizing, and processingdata complement each other, rather than competing, and thatproblems involving massive volumes of complex data can bestbe solved by integrating the best of both approaches.Central questions in the area are:- How do we design a tool that presents the best of theobject-oriented and declarative ideas - How can the users of this tool express their problems in acombination of declarative and procedural features The volume includes 29 papers that contribute towardsanswering these questions. 508 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Parallel and distributed computing are becoming increasinglyimportant as cost-effective ways to achieve highcomputational performance. Symbolic computations are notablefor their use of irregular data structures and henceparallel symbolic computing has its own distinctive set oftechnical challenges.The papers in this book are based on presentations made at aworkshop at MIT in October 1992. They present results in awide range of areas including: speculative computation,scheduling techniques, program development tools andenvironments, programming languages and systems, models ofconcurrency and distribution, parallel computerarchitecture, and symbolic applications. 436 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the two decades since the publication of the first edition of Histological Typing of Bone Tumours, new methods of diagnosis, es pecially radiological imaging techniques (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging), associated with advances in the new cytomorphological methods including immunohistochemistry, DNA ploidy analysis, cytogenetic chromosomal investigation, etc., have greatly improved our diagnostic tools and treatment results. These advances are reflected by the publication of new editions of various important textbooks in recent years. In these publications classifica tion criteria differed. In contrast, the WHO classification has been relatively unaltered, and has introduced a limited number of new entities and subdivided others because of distinct histological features and biological be haviour. In general the framework and the concept of the original classifi cation, as it has been widely accepted, remains essentially unchanged. The classification is based on the line of histological differentiation, in many instances reflecting the type of intercellular matrix material produced. This approach is justified because it avoids theoretical his togenetic controversies. 144 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Infrared Solar Physics contains the proceedings of the 154th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union held in Tucson, Arizona, March 2--5, 1992. Aimed at active workers and graduate students in solar physics, this volume provides the first comprehensive view of a rapidly expanding discipline that gives us a new perspective on the sun. Measurements across the wide infrared spectral range -- here, from 1 mum to 1 mm -- can probe the solar atmosphere from below the visible surface through the outer reaches of the corona. Taking full advantage of revolutionary advances in detector technology, infrared observations from the ground, aircraft and space have led to a better understanding of solar magnetic fields, atmospheric structure and activity, and elemental abundances. The infrared has also provided new interpretive challenges, such as the appearance of the 12-mum emission lines of magnesium. These and other developments are discussed here by the leading contributors to the field, who also give their perspectives on the future of this rich field of study. 632 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -TEX is the program for printing high quality mathematicaltext to which all others are compared. It is flexible enoughto be used on many different computer architectures andoperating systems ranging from microcomputers to mainframes.In a relatively short period of time it has become thestandard tool for mathematical typesetting at practicallyall major universities. The versality of TEX has allowed itto be used in a wide variety of applications; for example,it is used for publishing scholarly journals which adhere tothe highest typesetting standards, and also to publishstudent papers and theses.This book is designed for the complete newcomer to TEX. Itstarts by showing how to typeset simple text that mostlyuses the defaults predefined by TEX. By use of gradedexercises, the situations covered slowly become more complexand include many different types of mathematicalconstructions and tables. In the end it is possible tohandle almost any standard mathematical situation.The different tables presented in this book allow it to beused as a quick reference. The similar features of TEX aregathered together whenever possible to give an overview thatis a good foundation forbecoming more proficient and fordoing more creative typesetting.This book can be used either as a tool to learn just enoughTEX to write standardmathematical papers of modestcomplexity or as a building block to prepare for moreambitious typesetting projects. 114 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This monograph is a treatise on adjustment processes. We consider price adjustment processes in exchange economies and strategy adjustment processes in noncooperative games. In the most simple version of an exchange economy, i.e. a pure exchange economy, there exist markets on which prices are determined by the demand and supply created by a finite number of consumers willing to exchange their initial endowments in order to maximize their utilities. An equilibrium situation is attained if, for some price vector, demand equals supply in all markets. Starting from a situation not being an equi librium an adjustment process reaches an equilibrium via adaptations of prices. The advantage of the adjustment processes we will present in this monograph is that they exist and converge under far weaker assumptions than existing processes. The second subject concerns the problem of finding Nash equilibria in noncooperative games. A Nash equilibrium is a situation from which no player can improve his position by unilaterally changing his strategy. We present a new algorithm for finding such equilibria. The sequence of stra tegy vectors generated by the algorithm can be interpreted as the path followed by a strategy adjustment process. 164 pp. Englisch.