Springer springer us nov 2011 (337 risultati)
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume summarises the lecture and poster sessions of a NATO advanced workshop held in Edinburgh, July 15th-19th, 1985. The workshop was held to bring together plant scientists of many different disciplines but who share a comm…on interest in the regulatory role of calcium in plant development. Although this volume covers the formal proceedings, an equal length of time was devoted to discussion both in large and small groups. A little of the flavour of the directions and character of the discussions will be found in the final article by David Clarkson which was written to cover this other wise uncovered area of the workshop. The volume reflects much of the current excitement in the field of plant calcium research. Many of the participants are pioneers in their res pective areas and the extent to which the last five years has seen a drama tic unfolding, a complete inversion of the role of calcium from simple macro nutrient to major metabolic and developmental controller is recounted here. The material is new and much of it unpublished. In plant physiology, the eighties may yet be designated the decade of calcium. 472 pp. Englisch.
Lingua: Inglese
Editore: Springer US Nov 2011, 2011
Serie: Libro 145 di 323 - International Series in Operations Research & Management Science
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Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The first edition of Integrated Methods for Optimization was published in January 2007. Because the book covers a rapidly developing field, the time is right for a second edition. The book provides a unified treatment of optimization meth…ods. It brings ideas from mathematical programming (MP), constraint programming (CP), and global optimization (GO)into a single volume. There is no reason these must be learned as separate fields, as they normally are, and there are three reasons they should be studied together. (1) There is much in common among them intellectually, and to a large degree they can be understood as special cases of a single underlying solution technology. (2) A growing literature reports how they can be profitably integrated to formulate and solve a wide range of problems. (3) Several software packages now incorporate techniques from two or more of these fields.The book provides a unique resource for graduate students and practitioners who want a well-rounded background in optimization methods within a single course of study. Engineering students are a particularly large potential audience, because engineering optimization problems often benefit from a combined approach-particularly where design, scheduling, or logistics are involved. The text is also of value to those studying operations research, because their educational programs rarely cover CP, and to those studying computer science and artificial intelligence (AI), because their curricula typically omit MP and GO. The text is also useful for practitioners in any of these areas who want to learn about another, because it provides a more concise and accessible treatment than other texts.The book can cover so wide a range of material because it focuses on ideas that arerelevant to the methods used in general-purpose optimization and constraint solvers. The book focuses on ideas behind the methods that have proved useful in general-purpose optimization and constraint solvers, as well as integrated solvers of the present and foreseeable future. The second edition updates results in this area and includes several major new topics:Background material in linear, nonlinear, and dynamic programming.Network flow theory, due to its importance in filtering algorithms.A chapter on generalized duality theory that more explicitly develops a unifying primal-dual algorithmic structure for optimization methods.An extensive survey of search methods from both MP and AI, using the primal-dual framework as an organizing principle.Coverage of several additional global constraints used in CP solvers.The book continues to focus on exact as opposed to heuristic methods. It is possible to bring heuristic methods into the unifying scheme described in the book, and the new edition will retain the brief discussion of how this might be done. 660 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -An Institute like ours cannot help but lend credence to the notion of the late Derek J. de Solla Price of Yale University that 'the scientific revolution was largely the improvement, invention and use of a series of instruments . .… . . that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions'. Most of science today and in years gone by depends on the experimental observation of struc ture on the small scale with microscopes, and on the large scale with telescopes. The first instruments to expand the observational range of the human eye were simple optical systems, designed in the case of microscopes and telescopes to magnify the image. The big breakthrough in the 17th century was not when Galileo first turned his telescope to the heavens, but when improvements in lens-grinding techniques allowed eyeglass makers to make the first telescope. Early microscopy revealed new and previously unsuspected microstruc tures in biological and non-biological materials and thus helped to enlarge on the understanding of the relationship between structure and properties. The natural inclination of all microscopists, the desire to observe ever smaller structures, was satisfied by the construction of higher quality optical systems which reduced the aberrations limiting the usable magnification. The modem optical microscope is the result of this evolution in design and construction, and it can be operated easily to achieve close to the theoretical resolution. 388 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 540 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume assembles reviews on topics in two major related areas. One of these concerns the interactions of cells with substrata and with other cells, which are mediated by the extracellular matrix and soluble molecules. As descr…ibed in this volume, these interactions are responsible for controlling cell functions ranging from embryogenesis and neural development to blood clotting. More over, important properties of the extracellular matrix can be modulated by the interdependent actions of tumor cells and fibroblasts. The other major area of interest concerns the response of cells to extracellular signals. Recent work has begun to reveal how a remarkable diversity of cellular functions, including neuronal, proliferative, membrane--cytoskeletal, and many other kinds of re sponses, are elicited through the mediation of a relatively small and interdepen dent set of second messenger systems. These include both changes in cytoplasmic ionic balances and activation of various kinds of protein kinases. Both subjects are covered in this volume. The two areas are linked by the common theme of cellular response to an external environment that is sensed through cellular interactions with informational molecules, which are soluble agents, as well as those that are components of insoluble matrices. It is only recently that we have come to appreciate the complex interplay between the matrix surrounding a cell and the cell's response to hormones and growth factors. Thus, we have tried to select examples in which this type of extracellular integration may playa role. 432 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A lithium-drifted germanium detector is a semiconductor de vice which operates at liquid nitrogen temperature, and is used for detection of nuclear radiation, mostly gamma ray. The detection occurs when the y-ray undergoes an inter…action in the intrinsic or I region of the semiconductor. The interaction results in the pro duction of charge carriers which are swept out by an electric field. This is accomplished by reverse biasing the detector with approxi mately 100 v/mm of intrinsic material. The total amount of charge swept out is proportional to the energy dissipated in the intrinsic region. This may include the total energy of the photon, but gen erally somewhat less. The Ge(Li) device is a semiconductor p-n device with a very large intrinsic region between the positive carrier region and the negative carrier region (P-I-N). The fabrication of this device consists of three major steps: the diffusion of the lithium into the p-type germanium to give an n-type surface region, the drifting process to obtain the intrinsic region as deeply as possible, and the surface preparation. There are numerous procedures for the various steps as well as criteria for material selection and the preparation of the materials. 228 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is the twenty-ninth in this series, which includes twenty-eight numbered volumes and one unnumbered supplement. The editors continue to focus on critical reviews, commentaries, original papers, and controversies in of t…he reviews range from anthropology to evolutionary biology. The topics molecular evolution, population biology to paleobiology. Recent volumes have included a broad spectrum of chapters on such subjects as population biology, comparative morphology, paleobiology, molecular phy logenetics, developmental evolutionary biology, systematics, and the history of evolutionary biology. The editors continue to solicit manuscripts in all areas of evolutionary biology. Manuscripts should be sent to anyone of the following: Max K. Hecht, Department of Biology, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367; Ross 1. MacIntyre, Department of Genetics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; or Michael T. Clegg, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521. vii Contents 1. Homology and Embryonic Development Brian K. Hall Introduction . 1 A Brief History of the Concept of Homology . 1 von Baer's Laws . 4 Germ Layers and Ernst Haeckel . 6 Embryology and Homology . 7 Homology: An Unsolved Problem . 8 Latent Homology . 8 Serial Homology . 9 Common Origins and Common Inductions . 12 Mechanisms of Gastrulation . 13 Origin of the Alimentary Canal . 14 Origin of Germ Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . . . . . . . . . . Induction of Meckel's Cartilage . 15 Induction of the Lens of the Eye . 16 Development of Internal and External Cheek Pouches . 18 Selection for Increased Tail Length in Mice . 19 Regeneration and Homology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 . . . . . . . 292 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Until recently, understanding of the lymphomas was limited and largely descriptive. Attention has been focused, for the most part, upon morphological issues and clinical matters. Although useful, this approach has many shortcomings…. The true cytoidentity of primary neoplastic cells was not established by these methods, nor could their clonal nature be recognized. The more overt changes in immunological function, such as monoclonal gammopathies and immunodeficiencies, were appre ciated as important components of these diseases. However, subtle immunological perturbations were not recognized. Furthermore, associations were not established between the lymphoreticular neoplasms on the one hand and both primary and secondary immunological abnormalities on the other. There has been considerable recent progress in the fields of immunobiology, cytology, and immunochemistry. These new approaches have proved readily applicable to studies on the lymphomas. The term 'lymphoma' has been applied to a heterogeneous group of neo plasms that involve lymphoid tissues. This term is not altogether satisfactory, since it implies that cells of primarily the lymphoid series are involved in the neoplastic process. Some neoplasms, heretofore classified as 'lymphomas,' now appear, from the results of penetrating analysis using newer methodology, to be malignan cies of the macrophage series, rather than of the lymphocytic series. These neo plasms include Hodgkin's disease and a minority of neoplasms previously referred to as 'histiocytic' lymphomas. The majority of these 'histiocytic' lymphomas are now known to be lymphoid malignancies involving the B-cell series. 784 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -When a patient develops symptoms suggestive of and infarction, this section is emphasized. There acute coronary insufficiency, the health care sys are brief sections on prediction and prevention of tem is presented with a challengi…ng diagnostic ischemic events, methods of diagnosing and siz and management problem. During the past 20 ing infarcts, and methods of monitoring the pa years, hospitals have been developing coronary tient with myocardial ischemia. A major focus of care units as the specialized inhospital facilities for the text is on 'coronary care. ' As indicated above, such patients. For the past 15 years, many com during the past 20 years five distinct phases of munities have employed paramedical personnel coronary care have evolved: (a) prehospital, (b) to extend the principles of 'coronary care' to the postadmission, (c) coronary care unit, (d) predis site of the patient who develops the problem. charge, and (e) convalescent. Cardiac rehabilitation programs have also been The section on pathophysiology begins with a established to facilitate the return to function of chapter by Greenfield and Rembert discussing patients who have had acute coronary insuffi the factors that determine the transmural distri ciency. More recently, aggressive medical and bution of blood flow. Reimer then shows the surgical techniques have been developed to either relationship between coronary blood flow and prevent or limit the extent of myocardial necrosis both reversible and irreversible damage to the that develops due to acute coronary insufficiency. myocardium. 580 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Soon after neurosurgery had advanced past the stage of that older neurosurgeons will consider their cra removing lesions on the surface of the brain, it became niotomies quite adequate for the relief of many neu apparent that subco…rtical diseased tissue could not be rological disorders that Professor Kandel shows so excised safely by the usual surgical techniques because clearly to be amenable to stereotactic intervention, of the risk of damaging overlying normal structures. there are many lesions that undoubtedly can be reached Various means of reaching deep-seated lesions were more easily and with less risk to life and limb by ster devised, most of which attempted to approach the eotactic than by open procedures. pathological tissue through 'silent areas' of the brain. This book is not just a description of operative However, these operations often resulted in serious procedures, although it does give clear accounts of neurological deficits. Spiegel and Wycis's modifica surgical techniques. It presents the postoperative histo tion of the Horsley-Clarke apparatus to reach targets ries of patients who have been cured or markedly re deep in the human brain introduced a new approach to lieved of longstanding afflictions; these persons have subcortical surgery. True, as Professor Edward Kandel been followed for 10 to 15 or more years, so that the relates, Russian surgeons had pioneered in the field, results may be considered more or less permanent. 728 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Grau. teurer Freund. ist aUe Theorie Und griln des Lebens goldner Baum All theory. dear friend. is gray But the golden tree of actual life springs ever green -Goethe Progress achieved in the last 25 years indicates that the establi…shment of inter cellular junctions at the area of cell contact represents an important mechanism of intercellular communication. Evidence is available that intercellular channels are essential for electrical synchronization in excitable tissues and for the diffusion of molecules from cell to cell. This process of cell-to-cell communication is so reliable that it was pre served throughout the evolutionary scale. As evolution generates diversity it is not surprising that gap junctions are not the same in all systems. It is known, for 2 instance, that junctional permeability is reduced by high free [Ca +]j in some cells or by a fall in pHi in others, or enhanced by cAMP. Our knowledge of the physiological modulators of junctional permeability is still scanty. Moreover, the compartmentalization of the intracellular milieu represents an additional complication in the interpretation of many studies of cell-to-cell communication. The present volume represents an effort to provide the reader with an actualized view of the mechanisms of cell communication and of the physiologi cal and pathological implications of junctional and nonjunctional communica tion. Let us hope that the content of this book helps future studies in establishing a better picture of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the process of intercellular communication. 392 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The third International Meeting on 'Low Molecular Weight Sulfur Containing Natural Products,'sponsored by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, was held in the historical building of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lin…cei, Rome, Italy, June 18-21, 1979. The symposium was held in order to exchange knowledge in the intriguing and complex field of sulfur biochemistry. This theme brought together scientists from many speciali zed areas from organic and physical chemistry to biology and medicine. The interdisciplinary nature of the meeting gave to the participants the opportunity to discuss pro blems of common interest approached from different scienti fic standpoints. This volume contains 47 contributions presented at the meeting which mainly deal with new structural and metabolic aspects of sulfur biochemistry. An important aspect of such a scientific meeting is the rapid publication of the proceedings. Through the cooperation of the authors in providing 'camera ready' copies of their manuscripts, the good efforts of the Orga nizing Committee, and the Plenum Press Publishing Co., it has been possible to publish this book within a few months of the meeting. 572 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The management of Alzheimer's Disease and the related dementias is one of the major challenges to health care professionals and American society-at-large for the coming decade and the coming millennium. The rapid growth of the over…-eighty-five population, the group which, as recent studies have confirmed and as many of us clinicians have long suspected, has an even higher prevalence than previously quoted of dementing disorders, is the major cause of this. We are thus challenged by, as Bernard Issacs used to call it, 'the survival of the unfittest,' as well as the oPtimistic approach of 'bringing life to years,' as John F. Kennedy said. The fact is that we, as a society, tend to confuse 'treatment' and 'cure' (and 'prevention'). As the proceedings of the conference which this book represents emphasize, there is considerable work going on about the potential prevention of, or at least the reduction of, symptomatology in these illnesses by interventions genetically, chemIcally, and so forth. However, the more we find out, the more complicated it becomes, and the more heterogeneous Alzheimer's and the related disorders appear to be, not only in their manifestations (as clinicians have long recognized) but also in the individual initiating and underlying processes. For these reasons, absolute preventive techniques or the likelihood of an intervention which will reverse the process in a high proportion of patients, do not appear to be just around the corner. 176 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The papers in this volume were presented at an international symposium on Topics in Surface Chemistry which was held in Bad Neuenahr, West Germany., September 7-9, 1977. The symposium was sponsored by IBM Germany. It has been recog…nized for many years that our understanding of bulk phenomena and their subsequent exploitation depends largely on our ability to define correlations between microscopic structure and the physical and chemical phenomena of interest. The role played by surface phenomena in the overall behavior of a material has been a subject for speculation for a long time, but only during the last decade or so have experimental and theor etical tools been developed which make it possible to investigate surface structure and related surface phenomena uniquely. Numerous surface spectroscopies have been developed in recent years intended to describe the geometric, vibrational and electronic structure of a surface. Our present understanding of surface, thin film and interfacial phenomena in solid state physics owes much to these developments. In chemistry much of the interest in surface science has come from the obvious implications to such important and diverse fields as catalysis and corrosion. It takes little imagination to recognize that there are many other areas where advances in surface science can be brought to bear. 420 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The principal emphasis of the Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics is on biological problems. Techniques for measuring are considered very necessary but the development of them is usual ly left to someone else. Therefore…it is a little unusual for the department to sponsor a conference which is devoted mostly to methodology. Environmental Pollution is a very popular topic now, and one notices that there are a number of scientific conferences devoted to the topic. Furthermore, part of every conference is devoted to measurements of pollutants. So the question becomes one of what should be different about our conference. To start with there are two unique features here: The first is the limited attendance which should provide more meaningful discussion; the second is the availability to the world of all the information in book form after the conference. We gave considerable thought to the contents of the conference which would take advantage of the unique features. Therefore, we decided to look to the future and present material here that is not in routine use. The search for pollutants has just begun, and their presence cannot be established without some means of detection. Many substances are not known to be toxic be cause no one has studied them. The necessary information can only be obtained if techniques for detection and measurement are avail able. 516 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is hard to appreciate but nevertheless true that Michael John Seaton, known internationally for the enthusiasm and skill with which he pursues his research in atomic physics and astrophysics, will be sixty years old on the 16th…of January 1983. To mark this occasion some of his colleagues and former students have prepared this volume. It contains articles that de scribe some of the topics that have attracted his attention since he first started his research work at University College London so many years ago. Seaton's association with University College London has now stretched over a period of some 37 years, first as an undergraduate student, then as a research student, and then, successively, as Assistant Lecturer, Lecturer, Reader, and Professor. Seaton arrived at University College London in 1946 to become an undergraduate in the Physics Department, having just left the Royal Air Force in which he had served as a navigator in the Pathfinder Force of Bomber Command. There are a number of stories of how his skill with instruments and the precision of his calcula tions, later to be so evident in his research, saved his crew from enemy action, and on one occasion, on a flight through the Alps, from a collision with Mount Blanc that at the time was shrouded in clouds. 380 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This collection of papers is the result of a symposium sponsored by NATO's Defense Research Group Panel VIII in the Spring of 1985. The symposium came into being when it became obvious to the NATO countries that research, developme…nt and utilization of advanced technologies for training was the best means of increasing both training effectiveness and efficiency. This symposium was the second in a series of three devoted to training. The series was structured to cover all aspects of training. The first series addressed the value of training, the second one dealt with the application of training technologies and the third and last of the series focused on academic issues concerned with the effect of prior learning on subsequent learning. The fact that a major American publisher has determined that computer based instruction is the technology of greatest interest to the NATO community is not surprising. Advances in microprocessor technology have revolutionized both how and where we train. During this symposium there were a limited number of carefully chosen exhibits to demonstrate the various applications of computer based training techniques. In the following papers you will find both a practical and scientific basis for the way current and future training and training systems should be designed, applied and utilized. We know that training must be done faster and more effectively. 360 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Pattern recognition is a child of modern technology; electronics and computers in particular have inspired research and made it possible to develop the subject in a way which would have been impossible otherwise. It is a rapidly gr…owing research field which began to flourish in the 1960s and which is beginning to produce commercial devices. Significant developments have been made, both in the theory and practical engineering of the subject, but there is evidence of a schism developing between these two approaches. Practical machines have usually been designed on an ad hoc basis, with little use being made of advanced theory. It is difficult to provide a rigorous mathematical treatment of many problems pertinent to a practical situation. This is due, in part at least, to a conceptual rift between theory and practice. The mathematics of optimal systems is well developed, whereas pragmatists are more concerned with vaguer ideas of reasonable and sufficient. In some situations, the quest for optimality can constrain research and retard practical progress. This can occur, for example, if too narrow a view is taken of 'optimal': the accuracy of a system may be optimal whereas its speed, cost, or physical size may be grossly suboptimal. The objective of this book is to present a glimpse of the pragmatic approach to pattern recognition; there already exist a number of excellent texts describing theoretical developments. 504 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains papers associated with the conference 'Atomic Spectra and Collisions in External Fields II', that took place July 30-31 1987 at Royal Holloway and Beford New College. The first meeting of this name was held at…the National Bureau of Standards in Gaithersburg, Maryland in 1984, and, if any tradition can yet be said to have been established in the series, it is that the proceedings be written after the conference. We hope thereby to preserve some impression of the discussions that took place, which in both cases were vigorous and unihibited. Both meetings happen to have convened in proximity to major developments in the field. At the time of the first conference, results of experimental measurements of dielectronic recombination in electron ion beams were beginning to appear. These showed large discrepancies with theoretical calculations, which were attributed to the effects of rather weak electric fields on the highly-excited states that mediate the recombination process. This conjecture gave rise to widespread concern in the plasma physics community that the representation of dielectronic recombination in existing plasma models, in which it plays an important role in energy and ionization balance, might be seriously in error due to neglect of the effects of electric and magnetic fields. The subject of field effects on recombination processes was thus a major focus of the 1984 meeting. 472 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains several contributions among those held at the fourth Course of the International School of Applied Geophysics, Erice, March 15-24, 1982. The content has been arranged according to the three main topics covered…during the course: the goedynamic models, the contribution of geophysics to their construction and the optimization and constrains of the exploration methods. At the end of the volume, four short notes are published, written by participants to the course and related to the general subject. It is regrettable that not all the lectures and discussions are available for publication in this volume. However, it is hoped that the papers presented here will stimulate further discussions and suggest new topics for future meetings. R.Cassinis v CONTENTS 1 Introductory note R Cassinis Global seismology and the investigation of deep 5 continental structure G Nolet The relation between superficial and deep structure of 23 the Caucasus region and possible geodynamic model V N Sholpo Seismicity and crustal structure in the Italian region: 53 a preliminary zoning R Cassinis 93 Structure seismology I P Kosminskaya Main features of crustal structures in mediterranean 113 collisional zones P Giese Potentia~ and constraints of near vertical reflection 133 seismics in non-sedimentary deep formations K Helbig and J Schmoll Geoelectrical deep explorations by means of direct currents L Alfano 179 Reflection profiling of the continental crust R Phinney Evidence for a strong crust-mantle boundary undulation in the TYrrhenian sea from a refraction seismic 183 survey C B!)ttcher 236 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Phonons are always present in the solid state even at an absolute temperature of 0 K where zero point vibrations still abound. Moreover, phonons interact with all other excitations of the solid state and, thereby, influence most of… its properties. Historically experimental information on phonon transport came from measurements of thermal conductivity. Over the past two decades much more, and much more detailed, information on phonon transport and on many of the inherent phonon interaction processes have come to light from experiments which use nonequilibrium phonons to study their dynamics. The resultant research field has most recently blossomed with the development of ever more sophisticated experimental and theoretical methods which can be applied to it. In fact, the field is moving so rapidly that new members of the research community have difficulties in keeping up to date. This NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) was organized with the objective of overcoming the information barrier between those expert in the field and those who are new to it. Thus it was decided to (i) organize a set of tutorially based lectures covering most of the important facets in the field, and (ii) to produce an Institute proceedings which would serve both as the first general textbook, as well as a valuable reference book, for this field of knowledge. 692 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the 70's it has become drastically apparent that our natural resources, including energy, are not in unlimited supply. This realization is strongly felt in the economic turmoil that is occurring, but its effects will penetra…te into other areas, even causing moderate social changes. Chemists playa major role in coverting the world's natural resources into products. The public consumes these products and now depends upon them to keep the high standard of living to which they have become accustomed. This topic could easily be expounded into a whole article, but it is sufficent to say that almost everything-from the use of lightweight, strong polymers which are replacing the use of metals in today's automobiles, to the curing of diseases with asymetrically synthesized drugs-is related to the endeavors of chemistry. Catalysts have played a major role in transforming resources to useful products. Since a catalyst lowers the activation energy required for a particular reaction, and often for only one specific pathway where normally many exist, it is not surprising within the extant climate that researchers are now increasing their efforts and focusing their priorities on improving and discovering more efficient and selective catalysts. 1076 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is dedicated to the faith that the future will offer hard quantitative measures of the human thought process and affect-emotional system. The symposium from which this volume issues was an opportunity for us to invite a… number of our friends to help in collecting some of the current contributions to this belief. The participants and topics weave a mosaic of the future. The selection was made in an attempt to project into the future what is most important in the present and in the relatively recent past in terms of generating hard data of the elusive cognitive-affect systems. We regret, because of editorial constraints, that we have not been able to include some of the outstanding contributions offered by our various chairmen. In particular, we are sorry that this volume does not reflect the thoughts of Robert Williams, R.J. Ellingson, William Fields, and especially those of our esteemed grand marshal, W. Grey Walter. This volume deals initially with the electroencephalographic measure ment of sleep profiles as such profiles may be used to measure the stresses of special environments and special patient populations. Of particular interest is the correlation of sleep profiles with basic endocrine functions. We expect the measurement of sleep profiles to become more of a routine clinical examination in the next few years, as our understanding of this fascinating state of consciousness increases in terms of how it is influenced by real life stresses and disease processes. 588 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the proceedings of a conference held in Freiburg, West Germany, September 22-25, 1980, entitled 'Manned Systems Design, New Methods and Equipment'. The conference was sponsored by the Special Programme Panel on… Human Factors of the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, and supported by Panel VIII, AC/243, on 'Human and Biomedical Sciences'. Their sponsorship and support are gratefully acknowledged. The contributions in the book are grouped according to the main themes of the conference with special emphasis on analytical approaches, measurement of performance, and simulator design and evaluat ion. The design of manned systems covers many and highly diversified areas. Therefore, a conference under the general title of 'Manned Systems Design' is rather ambitious in itself. However, scientists and engineers engaged in the design of manned systems very often are confronted with problems that can be solved only by having several disciplines working together. So it was felt that knowledge about newly developed methods and equipment, applicable in the design process, is of common and increasing interest for all those who are engaged in the design of manned systems, from the earliest con ceptual design phases until operation under real circumstances. This seems to be particularly true in view of restricted resources of manpower and energy. 500 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the last decade, CMOS has become increasingly attractive as a basic integrated circuit technology due to its low power (at moderate frequencies), good scalability, and rail-to-rail operation. There are now a variety of CMOS…circuit styles, some based on static complementary con ductance properties, but others borrowing from earlier NMOS techniques and the advantages of using clocking disciplines for precharge-evaluate se quencing. In this comprehensive book, the reader is led systematically through the entire range of CMOS circuit design. Starting with the in dividual MOSFET, basic circuit building blocks are described, leading to a broad view of both combinatorial and sequential circuits. Once these circuits are considered in the light of CMOS process technologies, impor tant topics in circuit performance are considered, including characteristics of interconnect, gate delay, device sizing, and I/O buffering. Basic circuits are then composed to form macro elements such as multipliers, where the reader acquires a unified view of architectural performance through par allelism, and circuit performance through careful attention to circuit-level and layout design optimization. Topics in analog circuit design reflect the growing tendency for both analog and digital circuit forms to be combined on the same chip, and a careful treatment of BiCMOS forms introduces the reader to the combination of both FET and bipolar technologies on the same chip to provide improved performance. 472 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It has been nearly 35 years since the peacetime Biology Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory was started, born of rather inauspicious conditions. Virtually no facilities were available and most of the wartime scientists had le…ft. So, when we started out, it was obvious to me that something had to be done to reestab lish research. Even more, because Oak Ridge was not known at that time for its biological work but rather for the separation of Uranium 235, nuclear reactor development, and radioisotope produc tion, a new tradition had to be promoted. Although good biological work had been done at Oak Ridge during the war to protect the workers and the results of this work were quite excellent, very few installations remained. When we started the work of the Biology Division, it became essential to make it part of the flow of mod~rn biology allover the world. As Director, I had to do more than just attract promising scientists. We created an atmosphere conducive to creative research and nurtured all of the other aspects of a productive laboratory. Of course, we carefully prepared the results of our work in publish able form. We made a sincere effort to invite seminar speakers and lecturers to come to Oak Ridge despite the sacrifices this presented to our early budget. We also had to do something more, and here I 'cashed in' on my experience of the previous 15 years. 404 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -We characterize an isolated molecule by its compos~t~on, i.e. the number and types of atoms forming the molecule, its structure, i.e. the geometrical arrangement of the composite atoms with respect to each other, and its possible,…i.e. quantum mechanically allowed, stationary energy states. Conceptually we separate the latter, being aware that this is an approximation, into electronic, vibrational and rotational states, including fine and hyperfine structure splittings. To be sure, there is an intimate relation between molecular structure and molecular energy states, in fact it is this relation we use, when we obtain structural information through spectroscopy, where we determine transitions between various stationary states of the molecule. The concepts above have proven extremely useful in chemistry and spectroscopy, however, the awareness of the limitations of these concepts has grown in recent years with the increasing recognition of (i) fluctional molecules, (ii) multiphoton absorption processes and (iii) influences due to the surroundings on 'isolated' molecules. 632 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -While the previous two volumes in this series were based upon methodol ogy, theory, and the relationship between ecology and population structure, this book can be viewed as an in-depth case study. The population genetics of a mult…itude of diverse groups geographically distributed throughout the world was examined in the first two volumes. In contrast, this volume focuses upon a single ethnic group, the Black Caribs (Garifuna) of Central America and St. Vincent Island, and explores the interrelationships among the ethnohistory, sociocultural characteristics, demography, morphology, and genetic structure of the group. This volume offers a broad and intensive treatment of the Black Caribs and their interactions with surrounding populations. My interest in the genetics of the Black Caribs was sparked by an accidental meeting in Amsterdam, Holland, in March 1975. A conversation with Nancie Gonzalez at the Applied Anthropology Meetings revealed the 'truth-is-stranger than fiction' history of the Black Carib peoples of the Caribbean. This was a popUlation with a small-sized founding group and a unique biological success story. Nancie Gonzalez was particularly interested in estimating the Carib Indian admixture in the contemporary Garifuna popUlation. Given my previous experi ence in estimating Spanish and African admixture in the Tlaxcaltecan population (whose gene pool consisted predominantly of Indian alleles), a group that appeared to be primarily African with some Indian admixture was of great interest. Aside from the ethnohistorical interest, I believe that such a population may add conSiderably to our understanding of the inheritance of complex morphological traits. 416 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 704 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Nearly a century ago, Emile Durkheim founded the sociology of educa tion on the French cultural and structural premise that the function of educators is to transmit culture from one generation to the next. The clarity of his vision… was aided by the era, the place, and the actors in the learning environment. His was an era when the relatively seamless web of western culture, although ripping and straining, was still intact. The place, post-Napoleonic France, was vertically stratified and elaborately structured. And the teachers had reason to think they were agents of authority, whereas most students, during school hours at least, behaved as if they were the objects of that authority. Underlying the very notion of a sociology of education, then, was a visible and pervasive aura of a system and order that was culturally prescribed. Scholars of American education have yearned for such systems before and since Durkheim. Every European and English model has been emulated in a more or less winsome manner, from the Boston Latin School of the 1700s to the Open Education programs of the 1960s. In the last quarter century of research, it has begun to dawn on us, however, that no matter how hard American educators try, they do not build a system. 376 pp. Englisch.
